Algorithm Playbook Slides Algorithm Architects
Lesson 1: Mechanisms of Recommendation
The Big Question
If you liked Toy Story, why does the computer think you will like Finding Nemo?
Is it magic? Or math?
What is a Recommendation Engine?
The Goal
To predict what you want to see next so you stay on the platform.
The Data
It looks at your history: what you clicked, watched, or liked before.
It's a "Guessing Machine" powered by patterns!
How it Guesses
User History
"You watched 10 cat videos. Here is #11."
Similar Users
"People who liked Minecraft also liked Roblox."
Content Tags
"This video is tagged #Science and #Space."
Activity Time!
You are now the Algorithm. Your mission is to predict what your partner wants to see based on their "Interest Profile."
1
Study their likes
2
Find the pattern
3
Recommend!
Human Algorithm Teacher Guide The Human Algorithm Game
Lesson 1: Teacher Facilitation Guide
Grade 5
Duration: 45 mins
Group Size: Pairs
Prep: High
Learning Objective
Students will demystify how recommendation engines work by manually processing a "user history" to predict future interests, simulating basic algorithmic logic.
Materials Needed
Prediction Play Worksheet (1 per student)
"Interest Tags" (Printed/Cut from worksheet)
Scissors and Glue
Algorithm Playbook Slides
Facilitation Steps
1
The Hook (5 mins)
Use the slides to introduce the concept. Ask: "How does YouTube know what you want to watch before you even search for it?" Explain that they are the human version of that computer program today.
2
Setting Up Profiles (10 mins)
Students fill out the "My Interest Profile" on their worksheet. They choose 3 main categories (e.g., Gaming, Sports, Baking) and list 3 specific things they've "watched" or "liked" in those categories lately.
3
The Swap & Solve (15 mins)
Pairs swap worksheets. Student A acts as the "Algorithm" for Student B. Using the Interest Tags provided on the sheet, the Algorithm must select 3 new videos to "recommend" to the user based solely on the patterns they see in the user's history.
Teacher Note: Encourage them to look for keywords. If a student likes "Soccer" and "Basketball," they shouldn't recommend "Baking a Cake."
4
Validation (5 mins)
The "User" reviews the recommendations. They give a "thumbs up" or "thumbs down" to each one. This simulates the Feedback Loop used by real AI to get smarter.
5
Debrief (10 mins)
Discuss as a class: Was it easy to guess? What happened if the User liked two very different things? This leads into the concept of Pattern Matching .
Critical Discussion Prompts
Q: What happens if the Algorithm gets it wrong?
Does it stop? Or does it try something else? (Introduce the idea of 'Learning' from mistakes).
Q: Does the Algorithm know WHY you like something?
Help students realize it only sees the data (the tags), not the person's feelings or context.
Q: How much history does a computer need to be "good"?
Contrast their 3-item list with a platform that has seen thousands of their clicks.
Prediction Play Worksheet PREDICTION PLAY
Name:
Date:
Mission: You are the Human Algorithm. Predict the User's next click!
1 Step 1: Your "Interest Profile"
Write down three things you actually like or have watched lately. Be specific!
Interest A (e.g., Minecraft, Soccer, Baking)
Interest B
Interest C
2 Step 2: Swap!
Now, trade papers with your partner. You are now the Algorithm for their profile.
Algorithm's Recommendation
Look at the interests on the left. Choose 3 recommendations from the "Database" at the bottom of the page and write them below.
Recommendation #1
Recommendation #2
Recommendation #3
User Feedback Loop
User: Circle the thumbs for each recommendation above!
Video Database (Tags)
Algorithm: Use these tags to make your choices! You can also invent your own if none of these fit.
How to Build a Modern House in Minecraft
Top 10 Soccer Goals of 2025
Easy 3-Ingredient Chocolate Cake
Funny Puppy Fails Compilation
Roblox Tycoon Strategy Guide
Science Experiment: Elephant Toothpaste
DIY Tie-Dye T-Shirt Tutorial
ASMR Slime Mixing Challenge
Space Facts: Black Holes Explained
Professional Chess Speed-Run
Anime Character Drawing Tutorial
Wilderness Survival: Building a Fire
Engagement Engine Slides The Engagement Loop
Lesson 2: Optimization & Watch Time
The 5-Minute Lie
Why is it so hard to stop watching videos even when you're tired and said you'd stop 5 minutes ago?
It's not just you. It's the design.
The #1 Goal: Engagement
Watch Time
The total amount of time you spend looking at the screen.
Optimization
Making the algorithm better at keeping you "stuck" in the app.
Time = Money
The longer you stay, the more ads you see, and the more money the platform makes.
Built-in Time Traps
Auto-Play
The next video starts before you can even think about stopping.
Infinite Scroll
The feed never ends. There is no "bottom" to the page.
Notifications
Small "pings" that pull you back in when you try to leave.
BRAIN BREAK
Is it a fair fight? One brain vs. a supercomputer optimized to keep you scrolling?
"The algorithm knows your weaknesses better than you do."
Time Trap Teacher Guide The Time Trap Guide
Lesson 2: Optimization & Engagement
Teacher Resource
Essential Question
How do design features manipulate our behavior?
Key Vocabulary
Attention Economy, Watch Time, Auto-play, Infinite Scroll
Teacher Background: The Attention Economy
In the "Attention Economy," a user's focus is the product being sold to advertisers. Platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram don't want you to find what you're looking for and then leave; they want you to stay as long as possible. The algorithm's metric for success isn't "Did the user learn something?" but "Did the user keep watching?"
The Case Study: Auto-Play
Step 1: The Experiment (5 mins)
Ask students to close their eyes and imagine they just finished a video. On the board, draw a 5-second countdown. Ask: "What are you feeling in these 5 seconds? Are you thinking about your homework? Or are you curious about the next thumbnail?"
Step 2: Identifying "Friction" (10 mins)
Explain the concept of Friction : anything that makes it harder to do something.
High Friction: Having to get up, find the remote, and search for a new show.
Low/Zero Friction: The next video starts automatically.
Ask: "Why do companies want zero friction ?"
Discussion Strategy: The "Fair Fight" Debate
Divide the room into two sides. One side argues that it's the user's responsibility to stop. The other side argues it's the app's fault for being too addictive.
User Side Arguments
"I have a brain, I can turn it off anytime." / "The app is just giving me what I asked for."
App Side Arguments
"They hire scientists to make it addictive." / "Infinite scroll makes it hard to find a stopping point."
Teacher Tip: Real-World Audit
Challenge students to go home and see if they can find the "Auto-play" toggle in their favorite app. Can they turn it off for one night? Report back tomorrow.
Engagement Tracker Worksheet ENGAGEMENT DETECTIVE
Case File: The Infinite Loop
AGENT:
DATE:
The Investigation
Every popular app uses "Design Tricks" to keep you watching. Your job is to spot them. Read the description of the fictional app "Glimpse" below and find the tricks!
APP PREVIEW
App Name: Glimpse
Glimpse is a video app where videos are only 30 seconds long. As soon as one video ends, the screen flashes and the next one starts immediately. If you try to swipe up, the feed just keeps going forever—you never see a "The End" message. When you close the app, your phone often vibrates 10 minutes later with a message: "Your friend just posted! Don't miss out!"
Trick Tracker
Trick 1: Auto-Play
Describe where you saw this in the "Glimpse" description above.
Trick 2: Infinite Scroll
Describe where you saw this in the "Glimpse" description above.
Trick 3: Notifications
Describe where you saw this in the "Glimpse" description above.
Detective Reflection
If you could change ONE thing about "Glimpse" to help people spend LESS time on it, what would it be? Why?
Bubble World Slides Bubble World
Lesson 3: Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
The Pizza Problem
If you only ever ate Pizza, would you ever know that Tacos exist?
Let's see how computers "hide the tacos" by only showing you what you already like.
What is a Filter Bubble?
Your Personal Universe
A state where an algorithm selectively guesses what information a user would like to see.
The Result
You stop seeing ideas, news, or hobbies that are different from yours.
The Echo Chamber
When you only hear your own opinions reflected back at you, it's called an Echo Chamber.
Everyone seems to agree with you.
Other ideas start to seem "wrong" or "weird."
You forget that other viewpoints exist.
"Hello... Hello... Hello..."
The algorithm just repeats what you already like.
Simulation Time!
We're going to simulate a "Feed" that starts with everything... and see how quickly it narrows down to just one thing.
Can you keep your world big? Or will you get trapped in a bubble?
Feed Simulation Cards FEED SIMULATION CARDS
Lesson 3: Manipulatives for the Bubble Activity
Instructions for Teacher: Cut along the dotted lines. You should have 4 sets of cards. Give each pair of students a mixed pile of 12 cards (3 from each category).
Animals
10 Cutest Golden Retriever Puppies
Animals
Funny Talking Cat Compilation
Animals
Why Do Parrots Mimic Humans?
Gaming
Minecraft: How to Find Diamonds Fast
Gaming
Top 5 Hidden Secrets in Roblox
Gaming
Zelda: Breath of the Wild Speedrun
Cooking
Super Fluffy Pancake Tutorial
Cooking
Baking the World's Biggest Cookie
Cooking
How to Make Homemade Pizza Dough
Science
What is Inside a Black Hole?
Science
Mars Rover Finds Water! (Maybe?)
Science
10 Mind-Blowing Facts About Physics
Escape the Bubble Worksheet ESCAPE THE BUBBLE
User:
Date:
Simulating how the algorithm narrows your world.
Simulation Rules
Round 1
You have 12 cards. Choose 3 cards that look most interesting to you. Discard the rest.
The Algorithm
The teacher will now give you 8 NEW cards that match your Round 1 choices.
Round 2
Choose 3 cards again. See what categories are left in your pile!
Simulation Log
Round Categories Available My Choices (Category) "The Bubble" Status Start Animals, Gaming, Cooking, Science N/A Everything is open! Round 1 All 4
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Popping the Bubble: Reflection
1. By Round 3, how many categories did you have left to choose from?
2. How did the "Algorithm" (the teacher) make it harder to see new things?
3. Why might it be DANGEROUS to only ever see things you already agree with or like?
Profile Hackers Slides Profile Hackers
Lesson 4: Analyzing User Autonomy
Who's the Boss?
The User
You click what you want. You have free will.
The Algorithm
It chooses what you see next. It shapes your choices.
Can we "hack" the system to change our feed?
The Feed Audit
Observing Patterns
Looking at a feed and counting what types of videos show up.
Measuring Change
If we click on 5 science videos, does the rest of the feed change immediately?
We are data detectives today!
How to "Train" Your AI
Intentional Clicks
Clicking on things you want to see more of (not just the first thing you see).
"Not Interested"
Using the "Dislike" or "Hide" buttons to tell the machine "No."
Search Power
Searching manually instead of just scrolling the "Recommended" feed.
AUDIT MISSION
You'll look at 3 different "Mock Profiles." One is a gamer, one is a baker, one is a scientist. How different are their worlds?
Can you spot the Algorithms' biases?
Feed Audit Lab Report Worksheet FEED AUDIT LAB REPORT
Investigator:
Date:
Objective: Analyze how different users see completely different worlds.
Subject Profiles
Below are the "Top 5" recommendations for three different users. Read them and categorize each one!
A
Subject: Alex
Feed Preview:
1. New Minecraft Update!
2. Pro Gamer Secret Tip
3. Minecraft Speedrun #42
4. Gaming Chair Review
5. Top 10 Roblox Hacks
B
Subject: Blair
Feed Preview:
1. Perfect Cupcake Frosting
2. Baking Fail Compilation
3. 3-Layer Rainbow Cake
4. Essential Baking Tools
5. How to Knead Dough
C
Subject: Charlie
Feed Preview:
1. Mystery of Mars
2. NASA Rocket Launch
3. Black Hole Simulation
4. Astronomy for Beginners
5. Science Experiment at Home
Audit Analysis
1. Diversity Score: How many subjects (Cooking, Sports, Science, etc.) are in each person's feed?
Alex: ____ topics
Blair: ____ topics
Charlie: ____ topics
2. If Charlie suddenly clicks on 10 "Minecraft" videos, what do you think Charlie's feed will look like tomorrow?
3. Reflection: Who has more power over the feed—the user (who clicked once) or the algorithm (which chooses the next 100 videos)? Explain.
Final Conclusion
Write one rule for how you will use "Search" or "Clicks" in the future to keep your algorithm healthy.
// NEW USER RULE:
Brain First Design Slides Brain-First Design
Lesson 5: Prototyping a Healthy Feed
The Mission
Design a video app that cares more about your Brain than your Boredom.
You are the lead designer today!
Defining a "Healthy" Feed
Diversity
The app forces you to see new topics, not just your bubble.
Well-being
The app helps you stop when you've watched enough.
User Choice > App Choice
The user has the steering wheel, not the machine.
Healthy Feature Ideas
Mandatory Breaks
The screen dims after 20 minutes and suggests a stretch.
Bubble Popper
A button that resets your feed to completely new topics.
Friction Mode
No auto-play. You have to click to see the next video.
PROTOTYPE TIME
Draw your app interface. Label your Ethical Design Features and explain how they help the user.
1
Sketch
2
Label
3
Present
App Architect Prototype Sheet APP ARCHITECT
Designer:
Mission: Design an app that helps people stay healthy and informed.
1 Interface Sketch
Draw your app screen. Include your healthy features!
Draw your prototype here. Use arrows to point out features.
2 App Name & Mission
My App's Name
Our Mission Statement (Why are we better than other apps?)
3 Feature Spotlight
Feature A: The "Bubble Popper"
How does it help the user explore new things?
Feature B: The "Time Guard"
How does it help the user stop scrolling?
Feature C: Your Custom Feature
Describe your own invention!
Ethical Design Rubric Guide Ethical Design Rubric
Lesson 5: Project Evaluation Guide
Teacher Guide
Project Goal
Students should demonstrate an understanding of how algorithms can be manipulative (filter bubbles, watch-time optimization) and propose concrete design solutions that prioritize user autonomy and well-being.
Criteria Exceptional (3) Proficient (2) Developing (1) Content Diversity Prototype includes clear, original features that actively push users outside their "bubble." Prototype includes a basic feature to show new topics (e.g., a "random" button). Prototype focuses mostly on existing interests; little effort to diversify content. Well-being Tools Design thoughtfully addresses time management (e.g., smart timers, physical activity prompts). Design includes a simple tool to help users stop watching (e.g., a clock or timer). Design relies on typical "addictive" features (auto-play, infinite scroll) without changes. User Autonomy Design gives user full control over settings; clearly explains how choices impact the feed. Design allows some user settings, but the algorithm still makes most decisions. User has little to no control; the algorithm is hidden and automatic. Clarity & Presentation Labels are clear and explanations demonstrate deep understanding of AI ethics concepts. Prototype is easy to understand and follows basic instructions. Prototype is messy or missing key labels; explanations are brief or confusing.
Project Debrief Questions
Refining the Idea
"If your app makes less money because people spend less time on it, how will you pay your workers? Is it okay for a company to make less money to be more ethical?"
Real-world Connection
"Which feature from your design would you most like to see added to YouTube or TikTok today? Why?"
Sequence Wrap-Up
To conclude this sequence, have students write a "User Bill of Rights"—a list of 5 things they believe every app should be required to do to protect its users. Post these on the wall next to their prototypes.