Spanish: desarrollo sostenible
Definition
Using resources in a way that can meet the future and present needs of society while also protecting and sustaining the physical environment.
The Sustainability Balance
Balancing economic growth today with environmental conservation for future generations (e.g., wind turbines, hydro dams in Quebec, forest replanting).
Notes: Fill in "future", "present", and "protecting".
Focus: Environmental stewardship and long-term planning 05 / 14
Part 2: Culture & Society Term 05 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(concept)
Spanish Cognate: convergencia cultural
Definition
The process of two or more cultures becoming more similar.
Convergence in Action
Shared languages (English/French/Spanish), shared professional sports leagues (NBA, NHL, MLB), food chains, and internet pop culture.
Notes: Complete "more similar" on your handout.
Focus: Cultural blending and modern interconnectedness 06 / 14
Part 2: Culture & Society Term 06 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(noun)
Spanish Cognate: la globalización
Definition
Increased international interaction and the sharing of ideas between individuals, nations, and groups.
What Powers Globalization?
The internet, containerized global shipping, international treaties, and round-the-clock worldwide communications.
Notes: Fill in "international" & "ideas".
Focus: Shrinking distances and worldwide networks 07 / 14
Part 3: Population & Cities Term 07 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(adjective)
Spanish Cognate: multicultural
Definition
Inclusion of a variety of cultures.
Cultural Mosaic vs. Melting Pot
Both the United States and Canada are among the most ethnically and culturally diverse societies in human history.
Flip to Page 2 of your notes; write "variety".
Focus: Cultural pluralism in North American demographics 08 / 14
Part 3: Population & Cities Term 08 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(noun)
Spanish Cognate: migración
Definition
The movement of people from place to place.
Push & Pull Factors
Push: Conflict, poverty, natural disasters.
Pull: Job opportunities, religious freedom, education, family reunification.
Notes: Fill in "people" and "place".
Focus: Human movement reshaping urban and national landscapes 09 / 14
Part 3: Population & Cities Term 09 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(noun)
Spanish Cognate: demográfico
Definition
Statistical data about human populations.
Demographic Indicators
• Age & Life Expectancy
• Birth Rate & Fertility Rate
• Income & Education Level
Notes: Record "data" and "populations".
Focus: Quantitative tools for understanding societies 10 / 14
Part 3: Population & Cities Term 10 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(noun)
Spanish Cognate: megalópolis
Definition
A very large urban region consisting of several adjoining cities and suburbs.
The "BosWash" Corridor
Over 50 million residents in a continuous chain: Boston → New York City → Philadelphia → Baltimore → Washington, D.C.
Notes: Fill in "urban" and "cities".
Focus: Urban sprawl and interconnected metropolises 11 / 14
Part 4: Economy & Trade Term 11 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(verb / concept)
Spanish Cognate: subcontratación
Definition
Setting up businesses abroad to produce parts and products for domestic use or sale.
Why Outsource?
Companies relocate labor to countries with lower wages or overhead to reduce production costs and consumer prices.
Notes: Fill in "abroad" and "domestic".
Focus: Global division of labor and corporate strategy 12 / 14
Part 4: Economy & Trade Term 12 of 12
Unit 3: The US & Canada
(noun)
Spanish Cognate: arancel
Definition
A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports.
Trade Policy Function
Governments impose tariffs to make imported foreign items more expensive, protecting domestic jobs and industries.
Notes: Fill in "tax" and "imports".
Focus: Protectionism, trade agreements (USMCA), and commerce 13 / 14
Review & Check Part 5: Application Scenarios
Unit 3 Vocabulary Wrap-Up
Check Your Answers on Part 5 of Your Handout:
Scenario A: Tech firm call center abroad
Answer: Outsourcing
Scenario B: Boston → NYC → D.C. urban corridor
Answer: Megalopolis
Scenario C: Tax on foreign imported steel
Answer: Tariff
Scenario D: Solar & wind preserving ecosystems
Answer: Sustainable Development
Complete the Synthesize prompt at the bottom of page 2 to finish today's notes!
14 / 14
