Cooperation or Conflict

[¶4] War & Peaceful Exceptions: By 1675, Metacom led King Philip's War after decades of encroachment. Peaceful exceptions: William Penn respected the Lenape in Pennsylvania, and New York's Haudenosaunee stayed influential through trade.

Active Reading Verification: Students must underline ≥2 ways Native peoples helped settlers and identify ≥2 conflict causes.

Cooperation or Conflict • Teacher Answer Key Turn over for Part 3 Questions, Extension & Exit Ticket Key → Page 1 of 2

Part 3: Text Evidence Analysis • Model Student Responses Scoring & Exemplars

Critical Thinking Questions • Teacher Key

Sample high-scoring answers using student sentence starters and text evidence.

Target: Complete Sentences + Accurate Text Evidence

1. Two ways Native Americans helped early colonists survive [¶1]:

2 pts (1 pt each detail)

Exemplar Answer: "Two ways Native Americans helped early colonists were teaching them how to plant crops like corn and beans and trading fresh food in exchange for European goods like metal pots, knives, and woven cloth."

Acceptable: Teaching survival techniques, showing which soils to use, trading during starving periods.

2. Why Chief Massasoit agreed to a peace treaty [¶1]:

2 pts (Motive + Benefit)

Exemplar Answer: "Chief Massasoit agreed to sign a peace treaty because he hoped the English would become reliable trading partners and helpful allies against rival Native nations in the region."

Key Concept: Massasoit acted strategically to protect his weakened people against rivals like the Narragansett.

3. Differing views on land ownership and conflict [¶3]:

3 pts (Both views + Conflict)

Exemplar Answer: "Native nations believed land was a shared gift from nature to be used by the whole community, while English colonists believed land should be individually bought, fenced, and permanently owned. This caused conflict when colonists cleared forests and allowed cattle to graze in Native cornfields, destroying food supplies."

4. How European disease changed the balance of power [¶2]:

2 pts (Disease impact + Shift)

Exemplar Answer: "European diseases like smallpox changed the balance of power because epidemics killed thousands of Native people who had no immunity, weakening Native tribes just as boatloads of new English settlers were arriving to outnumber them."

5. Why relations stayed peaceful longer in Pennsylvania [¶4]:

2 pts (Penn's approach + Evidence)

Exemplar Answer: "Relations stayed peaceful longer in Pennsylvania because William Penn respected the Lenape people and signed fair treaties to legally purchase land, whereas in New England colonists seized territory and forced their laws on Native people."

EXTENSION KEY High-Level Reasoning

Prompt: If you were Metacom in 1675, would you choose war or another option?

Perspective A (War): "I would choose war because colonists continued taking land and destroying Native sovereignty; fighting was the only chance to protect their way of life."

Perspective B (Diplomacy/Migration): "I would choose diplomacy or migration westward because European numbers and weapons made a full military victory almost impossible."

Score 3/3 if student states a clear choice, provides historical rationale, and references context.

EXIT TICKET KEY Daily Formative Assessment

Prompt: What was the most important cause of conflict? Use 1 lesson example.

Exemplar: "The most important cause of conflict was land expansion. For example, in Jamestown, once tobacco became profitable, English colonists took more Powhatan land, which triggered attacks in 1622 and led to war."

3: Claim + Fact + Reason 2: Claim + Fact only 1: Incomplete claim

Cooperation or Conflict Lesson • 7th Grade Social Studies Answer Key • Page 2 of 2