Voices of Conflict Master Key Master Key
Voices of Global Conflict: Primary Source Archive
Instructional Note
This guide provides suggested responses for the 8 primary source activities in the Conflict Archive Packet.
01. Rise of Dictators
Commands: Believe, Obey, Fight. Leaders want absolute loyalty and readiness for war without questioning authority. Truth: Hitler argues truth is less important than serving the state's cause.
02. Pearl Harbor
Infamy: Being known for a shameful act. FDR used it to mark the attack as a betrayal of trust. Confidence: "The American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory."
03. War at Home (Victory Gardens)
Weaponry: Frames gardening as a combat role, elevating its importance. Waste: Preventing waste ensures more resources for the military; conservation was a "home front duty."
04. Order 9066
Justification: Protection against espionage and sabotage. Omission: By not naming a group, it appears broader/official, though its application was racially targeted.
05. D-Day (Eisenhower)
Crusade: Frames the war as a moral/religious battle against evil. Enemy: Acknowledging strength prevents overconfidence and prepares men for a difficult fight.
06. Pacific Front (Diary)
Hardships: Continuous rain, rotting gear, malaria. Fighting the Island: The environment was as dangerous as the enemy soldiers, causing constant physical/mental strain.
07. Atomic Bomb (Truman)
Power: "Harnessing the basic power of the universe"; more than 20,000 tons of TNT. Ultimatum: Accept terms (surrender) or expect a "rain of ruin" from the air.
08. Minority Voices (Internment Diary)
Impact: The diary moves beyond legalities to show the emotional and physical reality (horse stalls, barbed wire, loss of identity). Citizenship: Highlights the contradiction of being a "citizen" without the protections of the Bill of Rights during wartime.
Class Discussion Guide
Total War: How do these sources show that WWII was a "total war" that affected every aspect of life for both soldiers and civilians?
Contradictions: How did the U.S. balance fighting for global freedom with issues like segregation and internment at home?
VOICES OF CONFLICT // ARCHIVE KEY
END OF DOCUMENT
Conflict Archive Packet Worksheet WWII Primary Source Archive
Packet Case File: Voices of Conflict
Student Name
Date
Source #01
1. Rise of Dictators: Propaganda
Italian Fascist Slogan
BELIEVE • OBEY • FIGHT
"Propaganda must not investigate the truth objectively... but must serve its own right, always and unwaveringly." — Adolf Hitler
What three actions are commanded in the slogan? Why?
Based on Hitler's quote, is truth important in propaganda? Explain.
Source #02
2. Pearl Harbor: "Day of Infamy"
"Yesterday, Dec 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the U.S. was suddenly and deliberately attacked by... Japan... no matter how long it may take us... the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory." — FDR
What does "infamy" mean? Why did FDR use this word?
What phrase shows FDR's confidence in the final outcome?
Source #03
3. Home Front: Food as a Weapon
Office of War Information
OUR FOOD IS
A WEAPON
Don't Waste It • Buy Wisely
A Victory Garden Helps
How does comparing food to a "weapon" change its importance?
Why was "not wasting" food as important as growing it?
Source #04
4. Civil Rights: Order 9066
"Whereas... the war requires protection against espionage and sabotage... I hereby authorize... military areas... from which any or all persons may be excluded..." — Exec. Order 9066
This was used to force 110,000+ Japanese Americans into camps.
What specific security threats are named as justification?
Why do you think it doesn't name a specific racial group?
Source #05
5. Europe: Eisenhower's Order
"You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade... The eyes of the world are upon you. Your enemy is well trained... But this is 1944! The tide has turned! ... We will accept nothing less than full Victory!"
Why does he use the term "Great Crusade" for the invasion?
Why acknowledge the enemy's strength to his own troops?
Source #06
6. Pacific: Jungle Warfare Diary
"The rain hasn't stopped... malaria is hitting us hard... At night, you don't sleep. You listen. The Japs are everywhere and nowhere. Sometimes I wonder if we're fighting the soldiers or the island itself."
List two environmental hardships this soldier faces.
What does "fighting the island itself" mean in this context?
Source #07
Conflict Archive Packet Worksheet WWII Primary Source Archive
Packet Case File: Voices of Conflict
Student Name
Date
Source #01
1. Rise of Dictators: Propaganda
Italian Fascist Slogan
BELIEVE • OBEY • FIGHT
"Propaganda must not investigate the truth objectively... but must serve its own right, always and unwaveringly." — Adolf Hitler
What three actions are commanded in the slogan? Why?
Based on Hitler's quote, is truth important in propaganda? Explain.
Source #02
2. Pearl Harbor: "Day of Infamy"
"Yesterday, Dec 7, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the U.S. was suddenly and deliberately attacked by... Japan... no matter how long it may take us... the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory." — FDR
What does "infamy" mean? Why did FDR use this word?
What phrase shows FDR's confidence in the final outcome?
Source #03
3. Home Front: Food as a Weapon
Office of War Information
OUR FOOD IS
A WEAPON
Don't Waste It • Buy Wisely
A Victory Garden Helps
How does comparing food to a "weapon" change its importance?
Why was "not wasting" food as important as growing it?
Source #04
4. Minority Issues: Tuskegee Airmen
Wanted: Colored Men for the Army Air Corps
"Applications now being accepted for the 99th Pursuit Squadron. Men must meet highest physical and mental standards to enter this first flying unit for Negroes. Training will be conducted at Tuskegee Institute."
Defend Democracy • Fight for Freedom
Source: Newspaper recruitment announcement, 1941.
Why was the creation of a "Negro flying unit" a significant shift in military policy?
In what way did the Tuskegee Airmen represent the "Double V" (Double Victory) idea?
Source #05
5. Europe: Eisenhower's Order
"You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade... The eyes of the world are upon you. Your enemy is well trained... But this is 1944! The tide has turned! ... We will accept nothing less than full Victory!"
Why does he use the term "Great Crusade" for the invasion?
Why acknowledge the enemy's strength to his own troops?
Source #06
6. Pacific: Jungle Warfare Diary
"The rain hasn't stopped... malaria is hitting us hard... At night, you don't sleep. You listen. The Japs are everywhere and nowhere. Sometimes I wonder if we're fighting the soldiers or the island itself."
Voices of Conflict Master Key Master Key
Voices of Global Conflict: Primary Source Archive
Instructional Note
This guide provides suggested responses for the 8 primary source activities in the Conflict Archive Packet.
01. Rise of Dictators
Commands: Believe, Obey, Fight. Leaders want absolute loyalty and readiness for war without questioning authority. Truth: Hitler argues truth is less important than serving the state's cause.
02. Pearl Harbor
Infamy: Being known for a shameful act. FDR used it to mark the attack as a betrayal of trust. Confidence: "The American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory."
03. War at Home (Victory Gardens)
Weaponry: Frames gardening as a combat role, elevating its importance. Waste: Preventing waste ensures more resources for the military; conservation was a "home front duty."
04. Minority Issues (Tuskegee Airmen)
Significant Shift: Prior to this, military leadership argued Black men were incapable of flying modern aircraft; this unit challenged deep-seated institutional racism. Double V: Represented fighting for victory against racism in the military while simultaneously fighting for victory over the Axis powers.
05. D-Day (Eisenhower)
Crusade: Frames the war as a moral/religious battle against evil. Enemy: Acknowledging strength prevents overconfidence and prepares men for a difficult fight.
06. Pacific Front (Diary)
Hardships: Continuous rain, rotting gear, malaria. Fighting the Island: The environment was as dangerous as the enemy soldiers, causing constant physical/mental strain.
07. Atomic Bomb (Truman)
Power: "Harnessing the basic power of the universe"; more than 20,000 tons of TNT. Ultimatum: Accept terms (surrender) or expect a "rain of ruin" from the air.
08. Internment Experience
Citizenship vs. Prisoner: The author highlights the betrayal of being a citizen stripped of rights. Conditions: Horse stalls symbolize the dehumanizing and unsanitary conditions forced upon families.
Class Discussion Guide
Total War: How do these sources show that WWII was a "total war" that affected every aspect of life for both soldiers and civilians?
Contradictions: How did the U.S. balance fighting for global freedom with issues like segregation and internment at home?
