Alien Alleles Slides Alien Alleles
Cracking the Genetic Code of the Cosmos
The Lab Manual: Vocab
Genotype
The Genetic Code. The hidden letters that tell an organism how to grow.
Example: GG, Gg, or gg
Phenotype
The Physical Trait. What you actually see when you look at the monster.
Example: Green skin or Purple skin
GG
Gg
gg
Letters (Genotype) determine Looks (Phenotype)!
The Power of Alleles
Dominant
G Always shows up if present
Masks the recessive allele
Represented by CAPITAL letters
Recessive
g Only shows if NO dominant allele is there
Hidden by dominant alleles
Represented by lowercase letters
Building a Punnett Square
1
Put Parent 1 alleles across the TOP.
2
Put Parent 2 alleles down the SIDE.
3
Drop letters down and slide letters across into the boxes.
G
g
G
GG
Gg
g
Gg
gg
Mission 1: Eye Count
Trait: Number of Eyes
E = Three Eyes (Dominant)
e = One Eye (Recessive)
"A Heterozygous (Ee) alien and a Homozygous Recessive (ee) alien have a baby..."
E
e
e
Ee
ee
e
Ee
ee
50% Chance of Three Eyes
50% Chance of One Eye
Analysis Lab: Talk Like a Scientist
"Based on the Punnett square, there is a ______% chance the offspring will have the ______________ phenotype."
"Because the offspring inherited a ____________ allele from Parent 1, it will express the ______________ trait."
"The genotype ____________ is homozygous because it contains two of the ____________ alleles."
Monster Maker Study Guide Monster Maker Study Guide
Genetic Research Division - Sector 7
NAME:
DATE:
01
The Lab Manual: Vocab
Genotype: The genetic code (letters).
Phenotype: The physical trait (appearance).
Allele: One version of a single gene.
Dominant: The allele that hides the other.
Recessive: The allele that gets hidden.
Heterozygous: Having two different alleles.
02
Allele Decoder
Identify if the following genotypes are Homozygous Dominant, Homozygous Recessive, or Heterozygous.
GG
Gg
gg
03
Mission: Eye Count
Trait Research Note:
E = Three Eyes (Dominant) | e = One Eye (Recessive)
Scenario: A Heterozygous parent (Ee) mates with a Homozygous Recessive parent (ee).
Parent 1 (Ee) Alleles →
Parent 2 (ee)
Probability of 3 Eyes:
________%
Probability of 1 Eye:
________%
04
Analysis Lab
Complete the scientific analysis:
1. Based on the Punnett square, there is a _________ % chance the baby will have the ____________________ phenotype because...
2. If an alien has the genotype Ee, they will show the ____________________ trait because...
3. I know that an offspring with genotype Ee is heterozygous because...
Monster Master Answer Key Answer Key
Monster Maker Research Log - KEY
TEACHER COPY
01
The Lab Manual: Vocab
✓
Genotype: The genetic code (letters).
✓
Phenotype: The physical trait (appearance).
✓
Allele: One version of a single gene.
✓
Dominant: The allele that hides the other.
✓
Recessive: The allele that gets hidden.
✓
Heterozygous: Having two different alleles.
02
Allele Decoder
GG
Homozygous Dominant
Gg
Heterozygous
gg
Homozygous Recessive
03
Mission: Eye Count
Parent 1 (Ee) Alleles →
Parent 2 (ee)
E
e
e
Ee
ee
e
Ee
ee
Probability of 3 Eyes:
50%
Probability of 1 Eye:
50%
04
Analysis Lab
1. Based on the Punnett square, there is a 50% chance the baby will have the three-eyed phenotype because...
There are two squares in the grid (top-left and bottom-left) that contain the 'E' allele, which is dominant for having three eyes.
2. If an alien has the genotype Ee, they will show the three-eyed trait because...
The dominant allele 'E' masks the recessive allele 'e'. In genetics, if even one dominant allele is present, the dominant phenotype is expressed.
3. I know that an offspring with genotype Ee is heterozygous because...
Hetero means 'different'. Since this genotype has two different alleles (one capital E and one lowercase e), it is heterozygous.
