[os • mo • sis]
Syllables:
3
Prefix: None / N/A
Root: osmo- (push, thrust)
Suffix: -sis (process, condition)
Model Definition: ✓ Water diffusion across selective membrane
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration (low solute) to lower water concentration (high solute). Requires NO energy.
Teacher Note: Mnemonic: Water is the solvent (liquid in the vessel); solute gets dissolved.
Page 1 of 2 • Teacher Key
Teacher Resource Part 2: Tonicity & Active Transport Answer Key
Full Key Verified • 10 Terms Complete
6
PER / ME / A / BIL / I / TY
[per • me • a • bil • i • ty]
Syllables:
6
Prefix: per- (through, across)
Root: meare (to pass, flow)
Suffix: -ability / -ity (state of)
Model Definition (Selective Permeability): ✓ Lets some pass, blocks others
The ability of a membrane to allow certain substances to pass through while blocking others, maintaining internal cellular balance.
7
HY / PER / TON / IC
[hy • per • ton • ic]
Syllables:
4
Prefix: hyper- (above, over, high)
Root: ton- (tension, pressure)
Suffix: -ic (having traits of)
Model Definition: ✓ High solute outside ➔ Cell shrinks / shrivels
An external solution with higher solute concentration than inside the cell. Water leaves the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to shrink and shrivel.
8
I / SO / TON / IC
[i • so • ton • ic]
Syllables:
4
Prefix: iso- (equal, same)
Root: ton- (tension, pressure)
Suffix: -ic (having traits of)
Model Definition: ✓ Equal solute ➔ Dynamic equilibrium, cell stays same
An external solution with equal solute concentration inside and out. Water moves in and out at equal rates; the cell maintains normal size and shape.
9
HY / PO / TON / IC
[hy • po • ton • ic]
Syllables:
4
Prefix: hypo- (under, below, low)
Root: ton- (tension, pressure)
Suffix: -ic (having traits of)
Model Definition: ✓ Low solute outside ➔ Water enters, cell swells
An external solution with lower solute concentration than inside the cell. Water enters the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to swell (and potentially lyse).
10
TRANS / PORT
[trans • port]
Syllables:
2
Prefix: trans- (across, over)
Root: port (to carry, bear)
Suffix: None / N/A (Active has -ive)
Model Definition (Active Transport): ✓ Low ➔ High, Requires ATP energy
The movement of substances across a cell membrane from low concentration to high concentration using cellular energy (ATP) and transport proteins.
Morphology Key & Challenge Answer
Teacher Grading Reference
HYPER- = high
Water exits ➔ Cell Shrinks
HYPO- = low
Water enters ➔ Cell Swells ("O")
ISO- = equal
Equilibrium ➔ Stays Same
TRANS- = across
Carries across with ATP Energy
Word Detective Answer: Endocytosis = Cellular process of engulfing/taking large particles into the cell via membrane vesicles.
+1 Bonus Point
Pedagogical Note: Reinforce prefix roots (hyper- vs hypo-) to help students avoid common tonicity confusion on tests.
Page 2 of 2 • Teacher Key
