Crash Course Guided Notes
Force & Motion 5th Grade Science • Standard 5.P4U1.6
COLLISIONS: Crash Course Guided Notes
Name:
Date: Period:
Mission: Explain how energy transfers from one moving object to another during a collision and changes how they move.
1
What is a Collision?
Scientific Definition: A collision happens whenever two or more objects make and exert a forceful on each other. Even when it looks instant, both objects push against each other!
Contact Force
Objects must physically to push back and forth.
Instant Action
Collisions take milliseconds, but changes in happen immediately!
Two-Way Push
Ball A pushes Ball B, and Ball B pushes on A!
Two collisions from your morning:
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60-Second Desk Lab: The Coin Crash Test
Partner Lab
| Investigation | Action | What Happened? (Observations) |
|---|
| 1. The Direct Strike | Flick Coin 1 directly into stationary Coin 2. | Coin 1 • Coin 2 moves ! |
| 2. Head-On Smash | Partners slide coins toward each other. | Both coins bounced in directions! |
| 3. Speed Test | Gentle tap vs. strong, fast flick. | The faster flick made a clicking sound! |
2 clues showing energy moved from Coin 1 to Coin 2:
1. 2.
3
Energy on the Move
Motion Energy (Kinetic)
Moving objects have kinetic energy. The and it is, the more kinetic energy it carries!
Example: A rolling .
Sound & Heat
Not all energy stays motion. Some converts into loud waves and tiny amounts of heat !
Example: The loud "" of a bat.
Energy Transfer
During impact, energy passes from the moving object into the object, making it move!
Example: Bowling pins outward.
Rule of Nature:
Energy cannot . It just or !
Force, Motion, & Collisions • 5th Grade Science Please turn over to Page 2 → Page 1 of 2
Page 2
Collisions: Changing Motion & Real-World Forces
Name:
4
4 Ways Collisions Change Motion
1. Start Moving Rest → Move
A stationary object begins moving when bumped by an object carrying energy.
Slide Example: Golf ball hit off a .
2. Stop Moving Move → Stop
A moving object comes to a dead stop when striking a heavier or firmly barrier.
Slide Example: Tennis ball hitting a .
3. Speed Up / Slow Down Change Speed
Pushing in the same direction it up; bumping head-on it down.
Slide Example: Bumper cars .
4. Change Direction New Angle
When objects collide at an angle, force pushes the object into a completely path.
Slide Example: Soccer ball deflected by a .
* Key Rule: The of the push determines the new direction of motion!
5
Strength, Speed, & Mass
Speed Changes Impact
- Faster objects carry vastly kinetic energy.
- They exert a much push than slow objects.
- Double the speed = far energy transferred!
Gentle Tap = Little Energy High-Speed = Energy
Mass Changes Impact
- Heavier objects carry kinetic energy at same speed.
- A heavy bowling ball pushes pins easily, while a light ping-pong ball would right off!
- More mass = force exerted in a crash.
More Mass = Greater Force Exerted in a Crash!
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Collisions Around Us: Engineering & Safety
Baseball Bat & Ball
The bat exerts a massive forward push, the pitched ball's direction.
Energy: Swing Bat →
Car Crumple Zones
Engineers design cars to crush during a crash to kinetic energy.
Safety: Protects passengers inside!
Bicycle Helmets
Foam crushes to slow head gradually and force safely.
Cushion: Spreads out the force!
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Key Takeaways & Collision Challenge
#1 Push Both Ways
Both objects exert forces on each other.
#2 Energy Transfers
Energy moves & converts to & .
#3 Motion Changes
Collisions start, stop, change speed, or change .
Exit Question What would happen if a rolling marble hit a stationary bowling ball? Why?
Prediction:
Why (use mass & energy):
Collisions • 5th Grade Science Guided Notes All 10 slides completed! Page 2 of 2
