Magma Dictionary Handout
Cognitive Content Dictionary: Magma & Eruption Dynamics
Explain Phase • Eruption hook & gallery walk observations to scientific principles
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| 1. Academic Word | 2. Partner Prediction What do you think it means based on the videos/stations? | 3. Visual Sketch / Symbol Quick sketch or diagram | 4. Official Scientific Meaning Write down during teacher explanation | 5. Academic Sentence Frame Circle bracketed choices to complete |
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| Viscosity Fluid property | | | | |
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Lava with high viscosity is [ thick / runny ] and flows [ slower / faster ], while lava with low viscosity flows [ slower / faster ] because it is runny.
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| Density \(D = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\) | | |
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Because molten magma has less mass in each unit of volume (\(D = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\)), it is [ more / less ] dense than solid crust rock and [ rises / sinks ] toward Earth's surface.
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| Thermal Energy Heat • particle motion | | |
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When magma gains thermal energy, its particles move [ faster / slower ], which makes the liquid hotter and allows it to flow [ more easily / with more resistance ].
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| Gas Pressure Trapped bubbles | | |
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When expanding gas bubbles are trapped under thick magma, underground gas pressure builds [ higher / lower ] until it triggers an [ explosive / gentle oozing ] eruption.
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| Buoyancy Upward fluid force | | |
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Buoyancy acts as an [ upward / downward ] force pushing [ less dense / denser ] magma upward through heavier surrounding crust rock.
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Workflow: 1. Partner prediction • 2. Sketch/symbol • 3. Record official scientific definition • 4. Circle bracketed choices
Daily Credit Stamp: Explain (5 pts) Teacher stamp / signature upon completion
Magma Dictionary Teacher Key
Teacher Reference Key: Magma & Eruption Dynamics CCD
Model Key
Explain Phase Facilitation • Targeted 6th–8th Grade Reading Level • Credit Recovery Focus
Grading Target: 5/5 Daily Credit Stamp
| 1. Academic Word | 2. Sample Prediction | 3. Visual Sketch Idea | 4. Official Scientific Meaning (6th Gr.) | 5. Completed Sentence Frame |
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| Viscosity Resistance to flow | Expected Student Guess: "How thick or runny syrup is; slow moving goo from Station 1." | | | |
| Two jars: honey dripping slowly vs. water pouring fast. | | | | |
| Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flowing, or how thick and sticky it is. | Lava with high viscosity is [thick] and flows [slower], while low viscosity lava flows [faster] because it is runny. |
| Density \(D = \frac{m}{V}\) | Expected Student Guess: "How heavy or packed together stuff is; why oil floats on water." |
Box of tightly packed dots (rock) below spaced-out dots (magma).
| Density is how tightly mass is packed into a specific amount of space (\(D = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\)). | Because molten magma has less mass in each unit of volume (\(D = \frac{m}{V}\)), it is [less] dense than solid crust rock and [rises] toward Earth's surface. |
| Thermal Energy Heat • particle motion | Expected Student Guess: "Heat energy; how hot magma gets when it melts underground." |
Flame warming atoms with speed lines / vibration arrows.
| Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of vibrating particles that we measure as heat. | When magma gains thermal energy, its particles move [faster], which makes the liquid hotter and allows it to flow [more easily]. |
| Gas Pressure Trapped outward force | Expected Student Guess: "Trapped air bubbles popping like a shaken soda bottle." |
Sealed chamber with trapped bubbles and outward pressure arrows.
| Gas pressure is the outward pushing force created by expanding gas molecules colliding with surfaces. | When expanding gas bubbles are trapped under thick magma, underground gas pressure builds [higher] until it triggers an [explosive] eruption. |
| Buoyancy Upward fluid force | Expected Student Guess: "Floating power; how less dense stuff gets pushed to the top." |
Molten plume with large upward arrow rising through crust.
| Buoyancy is the upward force that fluids exert on matter that is less dense than the surrounding material. | Buoyancy acts as an [upward] force pushing [less dense] magma upward through heavier surrounding crust rock. |
Explain Phase Script Hook
Guide students from their Station 1 (honey vs. water) observations directly to viscosity and thermal energy. Connect Station 2 (floating wax) to density and buoyancy.
Credit Recovery Misconception
Students often equate "thick" with "heavy" (confusing viscosity with density). Reinforce: thick magma can be less dense than solid rock because it is heated and expanding.
5-Point Daily Stamp Protocol
Stamp immediately during circulation when all 5 rows have (1) a partner prediction, (2) a recognizable sketch, (3) the official definition, and (4) correct bracketed choices circled.
