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Chemistry of Life

A foundational unit exploring the chemistry of life, chemical reactions in living organisms, conservation of matter, and organic compounds.

JEJeffrey Elterman

Chemistry of Life

A foundational unit exploring the chemistry of life, chemical reactions in living organisms, conservation of matter, and organic compounds.

JEJeffrey Elterman

Examen de Regents Química de Ciencias de la Vida • Sección II

Fórmulas Químicas, Conservación y Preguntas de Respuesta Construida

Estudiante:

Parte III: Receta Química y Conteo de Conservación de Átomos

6 Puntos (8 min)

Analice la ecuación celular. Use los coeficientes y subíndices para completar la tabla y comprobar la conservación.

Reacción de Respiración Celular / Fotosíntesis

6CO2 + 6H2O  →  C6H12O6 + 6O2

ENTRADAS (Reactivos) → (Signo: "Produce") SALIDAS (Productos)

Símbolo del ElementoENTRADAS (Reactivos)SALIDAS (Productos)
Carbono (C)6 × 1 = 61 × 6 = 6
Hidrógeno (H)
Oxígeno (O)

11. Conclusión y Ley de Conservación de la Materia [2 pts]: Explique cómo se compara el total de átomos de los reactivos con los productos, e indique si se destruyó algún átomo:

Parte IV: Preguntas de Respuesta Construida

3 Preguntas • 10 Puntos (8 min)

Responda completamente en las líneas proporcionadas (preguntas textuales de exámenes Regents).

12. Identifique los dos elementos químicos que deben estar presentes en un compuesto para que sea orgánico. [2 pts]

NYS Entorno Vivo • Ene 2014, P56

Elemento 1:

Elemento 2:

13. Análisis de Síntesis por Deshidratación vs. Hidrólisis [4 pts]

NYS Entorno Vivo • Jun 2017, P36-37

Base su respuesta en: Maltosa + H2O → Glucosa + Glucosa

a) Identifique el tipo específico de reacción (Síntesis por Deshidratación o Hidrólisis):

b) Describa lo que le ocurre al agua (H2O) y al enlace químico que une las glucosas:

14. Energía Potencial Química en los Seres Vivos [4 pts]

NYS Entorno Vivo • Ene 2016, P44

Indique qué le sucede a la energía potencial química almacenada en los enlaces de las moléculas de alimento (como la glucosa) cuando se rompen durante la respiración celular.

✓ Revise su trabajo y asegúrese de que los átomos estén balanceados antes de entregar. Fin del Examen • 30 Minutos

Hydrogen (H) [2 pts]6 × 2 = 121 × 12 = 12
Oxygen (O) [2 pts](6 × 2) + (6 × 1) = 12 + 6 = 18(1 × 6) + (6 × 2) = 6 + 12 = 18

11. Conclusion & Law of Conservation of Matter [2 pts] Rubric: 1 pt comparison + 1 pt destroyed statement

Exemplar Student Response: "The total number of reactant atoms is equal to the total number of product atoms (both sides have 6 C, 12 H, and 18 O, for 36 atoms total). No atoms were destroyed because matter is conserved and atoms are only rearranged."

Part IV: Regents Constructed Response Scoring Guide

3 Questions • 10 Points Total

12. Two Essential Organic Elements [2 pts • NYS Jan 2014, Q56] 1 pt each

Element 1: Carbon (or C)

Element 2: Hydrogen (or H)

Scoring Note: Order does not matter. Award 0 points if oxygen or nitrogen is given in place of carbon or hydrogen.

13. Reaction Analysis: Maltose + H₂O → Glucose + Glucose [4 pts • NYS June 2017, Q36-37]

a) Reaction Type [2 pts]: Hydrolysis (Accept: digestion, chemical breakdown, enzymatic cleavage). Do NOT accept dehydration synthesis.

b) Water & Chemical Bond [2 pts]: Water is consumed / added / split [1 pt], and the chemical bond connecting the glucose subunits is broken / cleaved [1 pt].

14. Chemical Potential Energy in Living Organisms [4 pts • NYS Jan 2016, Q44] Full Credit Rubric

Award [4 pts] for stating that the chemical potential energy is released and/or transferred to ATP / heat.

Acceptable Exemplars: "Energy is released when the bonds are broken" • "The energy is transferred to ATP molecules for cellular work" • "Energy is converted to thermal energy (heat) and usable cellular energy."

Do not accept: "The energy is destroyed" (violates conservation of energy).

Section II Value: 16 Points • Total Assessment: 30 Points (100%) Scoring Complete

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