Urinary System Review Worksheet
System Purge Review
Concept 3: The Urinary System
Name:
Date:
Complete this 45-question review to prepare for your quiz. All information is sourced directly from your class notes.
I
Anatomy Blueprint
Fig A: Urinary Tract Overview
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1
2
2
3
4
Fig B: Kidney Layers and Regions
Identify the three distinct layers/regions of the kidney and the primary blood supply shown.
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6
7
8
Outer Layer
Middle Layer
Central Region
Major Artery
II
Functional Matching
9. Renal Corpuscle
10. Micturition
11. Peristalsis
12. Fibrous Capsule
13. Renal Plexus
14. Nephron Loop
A. Protecting the kidney from infection.
B. Wave-like smooth muscle contractions used in the ureters.
C. Network of autonomic nerve fibers that innervate kidneys.
D. Also known as the loop of Henle.
E. The actual act of emptying the bladder (urination).
F. Part of nephron containing the glomerulus and capsule.
III
Process Flow
15. The two major functions of the urinary system are filtering the blood and ________________________.
16. When the body breaks down leftover amino acids, nitrogen is first converted to ammonia and then to ________________________ to be excreted.
17. The parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules and capillaries give the renal ________________________ its striped look.
18. The ________________________ is the structural and functional unit of the kidney.
19. Glomerular filtration is a ________________________ process that creates a cell- and protein-free filtrate.
20. The force that pushes fluids and solutes through the filtration membrane is called ________________________ pressure.
21. ________________________ reabsorption is the process of moving needed substances (like Na+ and water) back into the blood.
22. While filtration is passive, tubular reabsorption can be either passive or ________________________ (requiring ATP).
23. Tubular ________________________ occurs when unneeded substances are moved from the capillaries into the filtrate.
24. Secreted urine will contain both filtered and ________________________ substances.
25. The kidneys help maintain homeostasis of our water volume and thus our ________________________ ________________________.
26. The hormone ________________________ is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland to help the body retain water.
27. ADH helps the body stay hydrated by transporting water into cells via ________________________.
28. The ________________________ mechanism is an intrinsic control where glomerular muscles shrink if blood pressure is too high.
29. The kidneys regulate blood pH by maintaining ________________________ balance.
30. The renal ________________________ delivers oxygenated blood from the heart (via the aorta) to the kidney.
IV
Critical Analysis
31. What is the definition of the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
A. The amount of salt in the renal tubules.
B. How much blood passes through the glomeruli every minute.
C. The speed at which urine travels through the ureters.
D. The volume of blood in the inferior vena cava.
32. Which structure serves as a temporary storage reservoir for urine?
A. Urethra
B. Renal Pelvis
C. Bladder
D. Nephron Loop
33. The external urethral sphincter is an involuntary muscle.
TRUE
FALSE
34. The renal tubules start in the cortex and pass into the medulla.
TRUE
FALSE
35. Renal columns are used to separate the medulla.
TRUE
FALSE
36. Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of the kidney?
A. Ion concentrations
B. RBC production
C. Blood pressure
D. WBC production
37. The renal vein delivers blood to the inferior vena cava.
TRUE
FALSE
38. Where is the renal corpuscle located?
A. Renal Pelvis
B. Renal Cortex
C. Renal Medulla
D. Collecting Duct
39. Tubular secretion is important for maintaining blood pH.
TRUE
FALSE
40. The Tubuloglomerular feedback loop uses what to signal the glomeruli?
A. Amount of water
B. Amount of salt
C. Nerve impulses
D. Blood sugar
V
System Insights
41. Explain how the kidneys help maintain blood pressure homeostasis.
42. Describe the difference between the internal and external urethral sphincters.
43. What is the specific role of the renal pelvis in urine movement?
44. How do the glomeruli act as "mechanical filters"?
45. Why do kidneys convert leftover amino acids to carbs or lipids for storage?
Urinary System Review Answer Key
System Purge: Answer Key
Teacher Reference Material
Total: 45 Points
I
Anatomy Blueprint
Fig A: Overview
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Fig B: Kidney Layers
Renal Cortex
Renal Medulla
Renal Pelvis
Renal Artery
II
Functional Matching
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F
-
E
-
B
-
A
-
C
-
D
III
Process Flow
15. filtering the blood and regulation
16. converted to ammonia and then to urea
17. give the renal medulla its striped look
18. The nephron is the structural and functional unit
19. filtration is a passive process
20. pushes fluids and solutes... is called hydrostatic pressure
21. Tubular reabsorption
22. can be either passive or active
23. Tubular secretion
24. contains both filtered and secreted substances
25. volume and thus our blood pressure
26. The hormone ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
27. transporting water into cells via aquaporins
28. The myogenic mechanism
29. maintaining acid-base balance
30. The renal artery
IV
Critical Analysis
31. B
32. C
33. FALSE
34. TRUE
35. TRUE
36. D
37. TRUE
38. B
39. TRUE
40. B
V
System Insights
41. Blood Pressure Homeostasis
Kidneys regulate water volume and maintain homeostasis of our water volume, which directly influences our blood pressure. Urination removes excess toxins and water to help manage this balance.
42. Internal vs External Sphincters
The internal urethral sphincter is involuntary, while the external urethral sphincter is voluntary.
