Review Mission 1 Worksheet Review Mission 01
Topic: Variation, Thermal Energy, & Design
Name:
Date:
Part 1: Key Terms
Match each term with its correct definition by writing the letter in the space provided.
___ 1. Thermal Energy
___ 2. Variation
___ 3. Criteria
___ 4. Chromosome
A. Differences in traits between organisms of the same species.
B. A thread-like structure of DNA that carries genetic information.
C. The total kinetic energy of all molecules in an object.
D. The requirements or standards that a design must meet to be successful.
Part 2: Concepts in Action
5. Which of the following is responsible for creating variation in offspring?
A. Asexual reproduction
B. Sexual reproduction
C. Binary fission
D. Cloning
6. If you increase the temperature of a liquid, what happens to its particles?
A. They stop moving entirely
B. They slow down and move closer together
C. They speed up and gain kinetic energy
D. They lose all thermal energy
Part 3: Visual Investigation
Hot Water
→
Ice Cube
Energy Flow Diagram
7. Draw an arrow on the diagram above (or describe below) showing the direction of energy transfer.
Describe the flow here:
8. Explain why the ice cube eventually melts when placed in the hot water.
Part 4: Selective Breeding
A farmer has two types of apple trees. Tree A produces very sweet apples but they are small. Tree B produces large apples but they are sour. The farmer wants to create a new type of tree that has large AND sweet apples .
9. How can the farmer use selective breeding to achieve this goal?
10. Why won't this process happen in just one generation?
A. Because apples grow too slowly
B. Because you cannot mix two different traits
C. Because it takes multiple crosses to select for both desired traits in the offspring
D. Because selective breeding only works on animals, not plants
Review Mission 2 Worksheet Review Mission 02
Topic: Inheritance, Mutations, & Equilibrium
Name:
Date:
Part 1: Key Terms
___ 1. Mutation
___ 2. Equilibrium
___ 3. Allele
___ 4. Insulator
A. A material that slows down the transfer of thermal energy.
B. Different versions of the same gene.
C. A random structural change in a gene.
D. A state where two objects reach the same temperature and energy transfer stops.
Part 2: Punnett Square Challenge
In a certain species of fish, G is the dominant allele for Green scales, and g is the recessive allele for Gold scales. Two fish with genotypes Gg and gg are crossed.
<table class="border-collapse border-2 border-slate-400 w-48 h-48 bg-white"><tbody><tr><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 w-12 h-12 bg-slate-100"></td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 w-16 h-12 text-center font-bold text-lg">g</td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 w-16 h-12 text-center font-bold text-lg">g</td></tr><tr><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 w-12 h-16 text-center font-bold text-lg bg-slate-100">G</td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 p-2 text-center h-16"></td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 p-2 text-center h-16"></td></tr><tr><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 w-12 h-16 text-center font-bold text-lg bg-slate-100">g</td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 p-2 text-center h-16"></td><td class="border-2 border-slate-400 p-2 text-center h-16"></td></tr></tbody></table>
5. Fill in the Punnett Square to the left.
6. What is the probability that an offspring will have GOLD scales (gg)?
□ 0%
□ 25%
□ 50%
□ 100%
Part 3: Mutation Mystery
A population of white rabbits lives in a snowy arctic environment. A mutation occurs in one rabbit, giving it a brown coat .
7. Is this mutation beneficial, harmful, or neutral for survival? Why?
8. Where in the rabbit's body did this mutation actually happen?
A. In the rabbit's muscle tissue while it was running.
B. In the rabbit's genetic material (DNA).
C. In the rabbit's fur because of the sunlight.
D. In the rabbit's stomach after eating brown grass.
Part 4: Reaching Equilibrium
Two identical metal blocks are touching. Block A is 80°C and Block B is 20°C . They are left alone for one hour.
9. Draw a line on the graph below to show how the temperature of Block A changes over time.
Temp (°C)
Time (minutes)
80
0
10. What will the temperature of BOTH blocks be once they reach thermal equilibrium?
Review Mission 3 Worksheet Review Mission 03
Topic: Genes to Proteins, Traits, & Heat Transfer
Name:
Date:
Part 1: Key Terms
___ 1. Protein
___ 2. Trait
___ 3. Prevailing Winds
___ 4. Kinetic Energy
A. A specific characteristic of an organism (like eye color or plant height).
B. The energy of motion in particles.
C. Large molecules that connect in specific ways to determine traits.
D. Winds that blow consistently in one direction and move ocean currents.
Part 2: Instructions to Traits
Complete the flow chart below to show how an organism gets its characteristics:
GENE
→
5. (Fill in)
→
Trait
6. Two dogs have the same genes for ear shape, but different proteins are being produced. What will most likely be true about their ears?
A. They will have identical ears because they have the same genes.
B. They will have different ear shapes because proteins connect differently.
C. One dog will not have ears at all.
D. Their ears will change color every day.
Part 3: Particle Motion
Imagine a metal spoon is placed in a bowl of hot soup .
7. Describe what happens to the molecules in the SPOON after 1 minute.
8. Which of these experiments would best prove that heat transfers from hot to cold?
A. Measuring the temperature of a glass of room temperature water.
B. Placing a cold pack on a warm forehead and watching the pack get warmer.
C. Keeping ice cream in a freezer to keep it cold.
D. Boiling water on a stove and watching it turn into steam.
Part 4: Global Climate
A city in Florida is located near the Equator. A city in Alaska is located near the North Pole.
9. Why does Florida stay warmer than Alaska year-round?
10. How do ocean currents help distribute energy around the Earth?
Review Mission 4 Worksheet Review Mission 04
Topic: Insulation, Mass, & Global Patterns
Name:
Date:
Part 1: Key Terms
___ 1. Latitude
___ 2. Asexual Reproduction
___ 3. Current
___ 4. Genome
A. A process where offspring are identical to their single parent.
B. The complete set of genetic material in an organism.
C. The measurement of distance north or south of the Equator.
D. A steady flow of ocean water in a specific direction.
Part 2: Engineering Insulators
Students are testing materials to keep a drink COLD. They wrap cups in different materials and measure the temperature after 10 minutes.
Material Start Temp (°F) End Temp (°F) Aluminum Foil 32° 45° Wool Cloth 32° 36° Plastic Wrap 32° 40°
5. Based on the data, which material is the BEST insulator? Why?
6. Why does the temperature of the cold drink eventually go UP?
A. Because the cup creates its own thermal energy.
B. Because thermal energy transfers from the warmer air into the colder drink.
C. Because the drink is going through a phase change into a solid.
D. Because the molecules in the drink are slowing down.
Part 3: Mass Matters
Experiment A has 10 grams of ice. Experiment B has 100 grams of ice. Both are placed in identical room-temperature rooms.
7. Which experiment will take LONGER to melt completely? Why?
8. While the ice is in the process of melting, what happens to the temperature of the ice water?
A. It stays constant at 32°F (0°C) until all the ice is gone.
B. It immediately starts rising to room temperature.
C. It drops below freezing.
D. It fluctuates up and down randomly.
Part 4: Scientific Argument (CER)
Two parents have the genotype Hh (Heterozygous for Tall height). Is it possible for them to have a short offspring (hh )? Write a Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning response.
Claim:
Evidence (mention alleles and Punnett Squares):
Reasoning (explain recessive inheritance):
Thermal Tides Slides Exam Prep Mission
THERMAL
TIDES
Mastering Energy Transfer, Particle Motion, & Global Climate Systems
Thermal Energy
Ocean Currents
The Particle Party
Thermal Energy
The total kinetic energy of all molecules in an object.
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of the molecules.
💡 Exam Tip: If particles speed up, kinetic energy increases and temperature rises!
Slow Particles = Low Temp
Fast Particles = High Temp
Energy Transfer
The Golden Rule
HOT → COLD
Energy ALWAYS transfers from the object with higher thermal energy to the object with lower thermal energy.
Equilibrium
When two objects reach the same temperature, energy transfer stops .
Case Study: Spoon in Soup
Soup
SPOON
Where does the energy go?
Soup → Spoon
Engineering Insulation
Criteria
What are our requirements?
Must keep liquid at 32°F
Must be easy to hold
Must be low cost
Thermal Insulator
A material that slows down the transfer of thermal energy.
Styrofoam Wool
Mass & Cooling
10g Ice: Melts Fast
100g Ice: Melts Slow
More mass = More energy needed to change temperature!
Sun & Latitude
NORTH POLE
SOUTH POLE
EQUATOR
SUNLIGHT
DIRECT
SUNLIGHT
The Equator Rule
Locations closer to the Equator receive more direct sunlight and stay warmer year-round.
Latitude
The further you move from the Equator (Higher Latitude), the colder the climate becomes.
Ocean & Air
Prevailing Winds
"The invisible pushers"
Winds that blow consistently in one direction, pushing the surface water to create currents .
Energy Transport
Warm currents from the Equator carry thermal energy toward the poles, heating up coastlines (like Florida).
H
Equator
Thermal Tides Teacher Guide Teacher Facilitation Guide
Lesson: Thermal Tides Review
Review Quest
Mission Objective
Equip students with the ability to explain energy transfer mechanisms, relate particle motion to temperature, and connect global climate patterns (latitude/currents) to thermal energy distribution. This lesson prepares students for the Interim Assessment 3 .
Key Vocabulary
• Thermal Energy (Total)
• Temperature (Average)
• Equilibrium
• Thermal Insulator
• Latitude
• Prevailing Winds
Phase 1: The Particle View (10-15 min)
Key Points to Emphasize:
Temperature is not the same as Thermal Energy. Use the "Large pot vs. small cup" analogy (If both are 100°C, the pot has more thermal energy).
Heat transfer is a one-way street : Always Hot → Cold.
Misconception Alert:
Students often think "cold" moves. Explain that "cold" is just the absence of thermal energy. When they hold an ice cube, energy leaves their hand—the cold isn't "entering" them.
Phase 2: Global Flow (10-15 min)
Key Discussion Prompts:
The Florida vs. Alaska Dilemma: Why is Florida warmer? (Direct sunlight at the Equator).Ocean Conveyor: How does energy get to the poles? (Warm currents pushed by prevailing winds).The Design Process: When designing a bearded dragon habitat, where should the heat lamp go? (Recall the criteria: Basking area needs to be closest to the source).
Phase 3: Mass & Phase Changes (10 min)
Focus on the Graph Analysis (Q30-33 on the IA). Students must understand that during a phase change (melting), the temperature stays constant at 0°C (32°F) even though energy is still transferring into the ice.
Check for Understanding:
"If I have a massive iceberg and a small ice cube, which will take longer to melt?" (Iceberg - more mass requires more thermal energy transfer to complete the phase change).
High-Leverage Questions
Question 1:
"If two objects are at the same temperature, will energy still transfer between them? Why or why not?"
Answer: No, they have reached equilibrium.
Question 2:
"What would happen to ocean currents if the winds stopped blowing?"
Answer: Surface currents would slow down or stop; energy wouldn't distribute toward the poles effectively.
Thermal Tides Review Sheet Thermal Tides
Student Concept Review Mission
Operative:
Date:
Mission 1: The Particle View
Draw the particles for a COLD object vs. a HOT object.
Draw Cold Particles
Cold (Slow)
Draw Hot Particles
Hot (Fast)
Explain the difference:
Mission 2: The Flow
Heat Transfer Challenge
80°C
20°C
1. Draw an arrow on the diagram showing energy flow.
2. What temperature will these objects likely reach at equilibrium?
3. If object B had TWICE as much mass, would it take more or less energy to warm it up?
Mission 3: Global Patterns
Label the North Pole, Equator, and South Pole on the Earth diagram below:
Label here
Label here
4. Why is the Equator consistently warmer than the Poles?
5. How do prevailing winds affect ocean currents?
Mission 4: The Design Lab
Challenge: You need to design a container to keep ice cream frozen for 2 hours. Your budget is $5.00.
Define your CRITERIA (Requirements):
Identify the best INSULATOR for the job:
