Bio Blitz Worksheet
Bio Blitz
STAAR Mastery Review Packet
Name:
Date:
Topic 1: Viruses
Structure, cell comparison, and reproduction cycles.
Topic 2: DNA & Cycle
Components, replication, and the purpose of cell division.
Topic 3: Heredity
Genetics vocabulary, crosses, and pedigree analysis.
Part 1: Terminology Connection
1 Semiconservative
2 Lytic Cycle
3 Apoptosis
4 Heterozygous
5 Nucleotide
A. The monomer of DNA (Sugar, Phosphate, Base).
B. Programmed cell death to remove unneeded cells.
C. Having two different alleles (Tt) for a trait.
D. Viral reproduction with short, quick symptom onset.
E. DNA replication resulting in 1/2 original & 1/2 new.
Part 2: Summary Lab Notes
Use the space below to outline the relationship between DNA, the cell cycle, and genetic traits.
Big Idea 1: Viruses vs. Cells
Big Idea 2: Why Cells Divide
Section 1: Viral Biology
Standardized Practice 1-10
1. Which structure labeled in the virus diagram below is responsible for attachment to the surface markers of a host cell?
CORE
A
A The capsid proteins
B The surface markers/proteins
C The nucleic acid core
D The outer lipid envelope
2. How are viruses different from prokaryotic cells?
A Viruses contain DNA, while cells do not.
B Viruses can metabolize nutrients for energy.
C Viruses lack organelles and cannot reproduce independently.
D Viruses are considered living organisms.
3. Which of the following is a similarity shared by both viruses and cells?
A Both have the ability to mutate and evolve.
B Both undergo mitosis during reproduction.
C Both contain cytoplasm and mitochondria.
D Both are pathogenic to humans.
4. A patient is infected with a virus that remains dormant for months with no symptoms. This is an example of the —
A Lytic cycle
B Semiconservative cycle
C Lysogenic cycle
D Mitotic cycle
5. Fill in the Blank: Viruses invade _________ cells to replicate, often leading to disease or cell death.
6. True or False: Viruses can metabolize food like glucose to create ATP.
True
False
7. What happens during the "Lyse" step of viral spread?
8. Vaccines are effective against viral infections because they —
A Destroy the virus using antibiotics.
B Trigger antibodies as a defense response.
C Provide the host with new organelles.
D Change the host cell's DNA sequence.
9. Which viral component contains the instructions for making new viruses?
10. Why is a host cell required for viral reproduction?
Section 2: DNA Deep Dive
Standardized Practice 11-20
Activity: The Blueprint of Life
Label the components of the nucleotide (11-13) and illustrate/label replication (Semiconservative).
P
S
Base
11. ___________
12. ___________
13. ___________
Replication Diagram
14. What determines an organism's unique traits?
A The total amount of DNA in a cell.
B The sequence of nitrogenous bases.
C The thickness of the sugar-phosphate backbone.
D The type of hydrogen bonds holding strands together.
15. DNA replication is "semiconservative" because —
A The process consumes half the energy of the cell.
B One strand is old and one strand is new in each copy.
C Only half of the genes are copied at a time.
D It only happens in prokaryotic organisms.
16. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
G1
S
G2
M
17. Which enzyme is responsible for pairing complementary nucleotides to the original strands?
18. Use the base-pairing rules to complete the sequence of the complementary strand.
T A G C C T A
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
19. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?
A Only in the ribosomes
B In the cytoplasm and mitochondria
C In the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
D Only floating "naked" in the cell membrane
20. What is the primary function of DNA?
Section 3: Cell Cycle & Division
Standardized Practice 21-30
21. Identify the phases of mitosis shown in the diagram below.
Phase: _________
Phase: _________
22. What is the main purpose of the cell cycle?
A To produce four non-identical haploid cells.
B To create two identical diploid daughter cells (clones).
C To reduce the number of chromosomes by half.
D To mutate DNA for evolutionary variety.
23. Why must cells divide?
Select all that apply:
Growth and development
Repair of damaged tissues
Maintain surface area-to-volume ratio
To become multicellular organisms
24. What must a cell do before it can divide?
Focus on the genetic material.
25. During Cytokinesis, the _________ of the cell divides.
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Mitochondria
26. In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
27. True or False: Mitosis results in two daughter cells that have half the DNA of the parent cell.
TRUE
FALSE
28. Match the mitotic event to its phase:
1. Prophase
A. Sister chromatids are pulled apart
2. Anaphase
B. Nuclear membrane breaks down
29. What occurs during Telophase?
30. Why is the G1 phase critical for a cell?
Section 4: Cycle Disruptions
Standardized Practice 31-40
31. Which of the following best describes cancer in relation to the cell cycle?
A A disease where cells stop dividing entirely.
B Controlled, rapid growth of specialized cells.
C Uncontrolled cell growth and formation of tumors.
D Programmed cell death that removes healthy tissues.
32. What are "checkpoints" in the cell cycle?
A Locations where DNA is stored.
B Regulatory processes that check for mistakes.
C Enzymes that speed up mitosis.
D Steps where cells are destroyed by the immune system.
33. Mutations and hormonal imbalances can lead to —
A Decreased risk of cancer.
B Disruption of the cell cycle and disease.
C Faster healing of tissues.
D Immediate apoptosis of all cells.
34. If a cell fails to undergo apoptosis after a mistake is found, what is a likely outcome?
35. True or False: All disruptions to the cell cycle result in malignant tumors.
TRUE
FALSE
36. What distinguishes a "benign" tumor from a "malignant" one?
37. Fill in the Blank: _________ is programmed cell death that prevents damaged cells from dividing.
38. Environmental factors like UV radiation can cause mutations in DNA. How does this affect the cell cycle?
39. Errors in DNA repair during the cycle can lead to —
A More mutations.
B Stronger cell membranes.
C Increased metabolic rates.
D Longer interphase periods.
40. Explain the role of regulatory proteins in maintaining a healthy cell cycle.
Section 5: Heredity & Genetics
Standardized Practice 41-50
41. An allele that is always expressed even if only one copy is present is —
A Recessive
B Dominant
C Heterozygous
D Phenotypic
42. What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
43. Cross two heterozygous plants (Tt x Tt). What is the expected phenotypic ratio?
<table class="border-collapse border-2 border-emerald-800 w-32 h-32 bg-white text-center"><tbody><tr><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800"></td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800 font-bold">T</td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800 font-bold">t</td></tr><tr><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800 font-bold">T</td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800">TT</td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800">Tt</td></tr><tr><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800 font-bold">t</td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800">Tt</td><td class="border-2 border-emerald-800">tt</td></tr></tbody></table>
A 1:2:1
B 3:1 (Dominant:Recessive)
C 4:0
D 1:1
44. In the pedigree below, what does a fully shaded square represent?
A An unaffected female
B An affected male
C A carrier female
D A homozygous recessive female
45. Humans have 23 pairs of —
46. True or False: Gametes are sex cells produced by the process of meiosis.
True
False
47. What is an allele?
48. A "Tt" genotype is considered —
A Homozygous dominant
B Homozygous recessive
C Heterozygous
D Purebred
49. Give an example of non-mendelian inheritance.
50. If the genotypic ratio of a cross is 1:2:1, what are the parents?
