Rock Point Lesson Plan Instructional Guide • Grade 1–2
Rock Point Adventures Lesson Plan
45–60 Minutes
Focus: Diphthongs /oi/ & /oy/
CCSS Standards RF.2.3.b, RL.2.1, L.2.4
Phonics Target Diphthong /ɔɪ/ ('oi' & 'oy')
Core Text "Rock Point" Decodable
Key Vocabulary spoil, avoid, moist, disappoint
Learning Objectives
Decode & Spell: Accurately decode, pronounce, and categorize words containing the diphthong /ɔɪ/ spelled oi (medial) and oy (final).
Comprehend & Connect: Identify story setting, character motivations, problem/solution, and sequence of events using text evidence.
Spelling Rule Generalization
The sound /oi/ is spelled oi when heard in the beginning or middle of a syllable/base word (e.g., point, spoil, join, moist ). It is spelled oy at the end of a syllable or base word (e.g., Joy, Roy, Troy, boy ). Exception note: royal, oyster (syllable boundary).
Instructional Flow (Part 1: Phonics & Modeling)
1 Phonemic Awareness & Sound Introduction 8 Mins
Say words: toy, coin, boy, boil . Have students isolate the vowel sound (/ɔɪ/). Model mouth formation: lips start in an open rounded position and glide into a smile. Introduce the anchor keyword: "oi - coin - /oi/" and "oy - boy - /oi/" .
2 Orthographic Mapping & Word Building 10 Mins
Display sound boxes (Elkonin boxes) on the board. Tap out phonemes for j-oy (2 phonemes) and j-oi-n (3 phonemes). Highlight the placement rule: Where do we hear /oi/? If at the end, write oy . If trapped in the middle, write oi .
3 Pre-Reading Vocabulary & Concept Anchor 7 Mins
Explicitly teach story vocabulary before reading: spoil (ruin), avoid (stay away from), moist (slightly wet/damp), and disappoint (let down). Use quick child-friendly actions or gestures for each word.
Rock Point Literacy Sequence • Lesson Plan Page 1 of 2
Guided Reading, Scaffolding & Assessment
Part 2: Application & Reflection
4 Guided & Partner Decodable Reading Routine 15 Mins
First Read (Choral/Echo): Read the passage together aloud to build cadence and model fluent phrasing.Phonics Hunt: Students circle all words with oi in blue/green and underline words with oy in orange.Partner Read: Students whisper read to a partner, tracking with their finger and providing immediate decoding feedback.
5 Text-Dependent Comprehension Discussion 10 Mins
Question 1 (Plot/Cause & Effect): Why did the friends stop playing softball? (The grass was too moist from rain, causing them to slip.)
Question 2 (Character Action): How did Troy and Joy avoid arguments during softball? (Joy joined one team and Troy joined the other.)
Tiered Support & Scaffolding
Support / Tier 2
Pre-highlight target words in passage. Provide a physical manipulative slider for sound blending (e.g., p-oi-n-t ). Use picture cards for vocabulary words.
English Learners (EL)
Pair with gestures for moist (touching damp paper), avoid (side-step), and disappoint (thumbs down). Emphasize mouth transition for diphthong.
Extension / Tier 1+
Have students write a 2-sentence alternative ending using at least three new /oi/ or /oy/ words (e.g., enjoy, soil, rejoice, loyalty ).
Formative Checkpoints
Skill Target Proficient Evidence Next Step If Struggling Spelling Sort Correctly classifies 100% of 'oi' vs 'oy' words based on letter positions. Remind: Is /oi/ at the end of the word? Use 'oy'. Trapped inside? Use 'oi'. Decoding Accuracy Reads multisyllabic target word disappoint without segmenting breakdown. Scoop syllables: dis - ap - point . Blend each chunk. Text Evidence Cites moist grass or rain when explaining why games stopped. Guide student back to paragraph 2; locate the word moist .
Rock Point Literacy Sequence • Lesson Plan Page 2 of 2
Rock Point Activity Packet Phonics & Reading Discovery
Rock Point Adventures
Name:
Date:
Sound Detective Goal Look for words with the /oi/ sound spelled with oi or oy as you read!
oi (coin) oy (boy)
Story: A Day at Rock Point
Read 2 times for fluency
Every Saturday, my sister Joy and I ride bikes to Rock Point to play with friends. Rock Point has bike trails, slides, swings, and places to eat.
Today, we were late because of the rain, but we weren’t going to let rain spoil the day! We got the helmets and left. As we got close to Rock Point, we saw my best friend, Roy. Roy said, “Troy, it is time you and Joy got here. You are late!”
The softball game had begun, so Joy and I ran to join the fun. To avoid any problems, Joy joined one team, and I joined the other. We played for a while, but the grass was too moist from the rain. We would slip and slide, so we had to stop.
We all discussed what we could do next. We agreed to play hide-and-seek. On the trails, there were lots of places for us to hide. Just then, the rain began! We got under the shelter.
I didn’t want to disappoint my friends, but Joy and I said we needed to go home. We were soaking wet! When we got home, Mom was waiting for us. It was a very fun day with friends at Rock Point, but it was nice to be home!
A Phonics Word Hunt & Spelling Sort
Find and write 4 words in each column from the story.
Spelled with 'oi' (Middle of word) Example: point
Spelled with 'oy' (End of word) Example: boy
Rock Point Adventures • Student Activity Packet Page 1 of 2
Comprehension & Vocabulary Check
Name:
B Story Comprehension
Fill in the bubble for the best answer.
1. Why were Troy and Joy late arriving at Rock Point?
A. Their bike tire was flat. B. It was raining before they left. C. They had to finish chores at home. D. They stopped to get ice cream.
2. Why did the children have to stop playing softball?
A. The game ended in a tie. B. They lost the softball bats. C. The grass was moist and slippery. D. Roy had to go home early.
3. How did Troy and Joy avoid problems during the softball game?
Write a complete sentence using evidence from the story.
C Vocabulary in Context
Match each story word to its correct meaning.
spoil
avoid
Rock Point Answer Key Teacher Reference & Scoring Guide
Rock Point Answer Key
Answer Key • Gr 1–2
Full Solutions & Diagnostic Notes
Passage Length 176 Words
Target Diphthongs 12 Instances (/ɔɪ/)
Target Fluency 65–90 WCPM
Lexile Band 380L–480L (Gr 2)
A Section A Solutions: Phonics Word Sort
8 Points Total (1 pt per word)
Words with 'oi' (Medial Position) Accept Any 4
1. Point (Rock Point) p - oi - n - t2. spoil s - p - oi - l3. join / joined j - oi - n4. moist (or avoid, disappoint) m - oi - s - t
Words with 'oy' (Final Position) Accept Any 4
1. Joy j - oy 2. Roy r - oy 3. Troy t - r - oy 4. boy / toy / enjoy (or repeated name) end position
Teacher Diagnostic Note on 'oy' Words:
The passage contains three unique proper nouns with oy (Joy, Roy, Troy ). If students write one of the names twice or supply a prior-knowledge word like boy or toy , award full credit if it correctly demonstrates the end-of-syllable spelling generalization.
Oral Reading Fluency Protocol
Accuracy Metric
Independent: 95–100%
Common Misreadings
Reading moist as most or segmenting dis-ap-point as disjointed syllables.
Fluency Cue
"Scoop the words together into meaningful phrases instead of word-by-word reading."
Rock Point Adventures • Teacher Answer Key Page 1 of 2
Comprehension, Vocabulary & Spelling Key
Page 2 Student Solutions
B Section B: Comprehension Key & Scoring
1. Why were Troy and Joy late arriving at Rock Point? Correct: B (1 pt)
Text Evidence: "Today, we were late because of the rain, but we weren’t going to let rain spoil the day!" (Paragraph 2). Distractors A, C, and D are not mentioned in the passage.
2. Why did the children have to stop playing softball? Correct: C (1 pt)
Diphthong Workout Worksheet Phonics Skills Lab • Target /ɔɪ/
Diphthong Workout
Name:
Date:
Spelling Rule: Use oi in the middle of a syllable (coin ). Use oy at the end of a syllable (toy ).
1 Orthographic Sound Box Mapping
Tap the sounds, then write one spelling pattern per box.
1. "coin" (3 sounds: /k/ /oi/ /n/) 3 Boxes
2. "boy" (2 sounds: /b/ /oi/) 2 Boxes
3. "moist" (4 sounds: /m/ /oi/ /s/ /t/) 4 Boxes
4. "enjoy" (4 sounds: /e/ /n/ /j/ /oi/) 4 Boxes
2 Spelling Rule Decision: Choose 'oi' or 'oy'
Look at where the sound is located and write the whole word.
Incomplete Word Sound Position Spelling Choice Write the Full Word b ___ l Middle of syllable oi oy b ___ End of syllable oi oy
|
| s ___ l | Middle of syllable | oi oy |
|
| s ___ | End of syllable | oi oy |
|
| t ___ l | Middle of syllable | oi oy |
|
| t ___ | End of syllable | oi oy |
|
Diphthong Workout • Phonics Skills Lab Page 1 of 2
Word Building, Editing & Application
Name:
3 Suffix Builder (Base Word + Suffix)
Combine the base word and suffix. Then write the new word.
join + ed =
spoil + ing =
joy + ful =
annoy + ed =
4 Spelling Inspector: Spot and Fix the Error
Cross out the misspelled word and write it correctly on the line.
1. The chef heated water in a pot to boyl pasta.
Correct:
2. My little cousin received a new toi truck.
Correct:
3. We planted flower seeds deep in the garden soyl .
Correct:
5 Sentence Construction Challenge
Apply target words in complete sentences.
A. Write a complete sentence using the word join or spoil:
B. Write a complete sentence using the word joy or toy:
Diphthong Workout • Phonics Skills Lab Page 2 of 2
Diphthong Workout Answer Key Teacher Reference & Answer Key
Diphthong Workout Answer Key
Phonics Key • Gr 1–2
1 Sound Box Orthographic Mapping (Elkonin Solutions)
1 pt per accurate box setup (4 pts)
1. coin (3 sounds)
c oi n
2. boy (2 sounds)
b oy
3. moist (4 sounds)
m oi s t
4. enjoy (4 sounds)
e n j oy
2 Spelling Rule Decision: Minimal Pairs Table Solutions
6 pts (1 pt each)
b ___ l (middle)
boil
'oi'
b ___ (end)
boy
'oy'
s ___ l (middle)
soil
'oi'
s ___ (end)
soy
'oy'
t ___ l (middle)
toil
'oi'
t ___ (end)
toy
'oy'
3 Suffix Builder Solutions (4 pts)
join + ed joined
spoil + ing spoiling
joy + ful joyful
annoy + ed annoyed
4 Spelling Inspector Solutions (3 pts)
boyl boil ('oi' in middle)
toi toy ('oy' at end)
soyl soil ('oi' in middle)
5 Sentence Construction Scoring & Exemplars (4 pts)
2 pts each (1 pt grammar, 1 pt target word spelling)
Prompt A Exemplar (join / spoil):
"I will join my sister on the bike trail so the rain will not spoil our fun."
Prompt B Exemplar (joy / toy):
"The boy jumped with joy when he got to choose a new toy."
Diphthong Workout • Teacher Answer Key & Scoring Guide Total: 21 Points
