Break It Down Desk Cards
×
2-Digit × 1-Digit Multiplication
Desk Quick Reference • Card 1
Worked Example: 35 × 8 = 280
How to Solve:
1
DECOMPOSE the 2-digit factor: Split into tens + ones → 35 = 30 + 5
2
MULTIPLY each part by 8:
8 × 30 = 240 8 × 5 = 40
3
ADD the partial products:
240 + 40 = 280
Zero Rule: Think 8 × 3 = 24 → then attach 0 for tens → 240
Area Model (Boxes) Tens | Ones
8
30 240
5 40
240 + 40 = 280
Partial Products Stack
• 8 × 30 tens
• 8 × 5 ones
240
+ 40
280
Quick Reminder: 1. Decompose → 2. Multiply Tens → 3. Multiply Ones → 4. Add Together
Cut along dashed line • 2 Desk Cards Per Sheet
×
2-Digit × 1-Digit Multiplication
Desk Quick Reference • Card 2
Worked Example: 35 × 8 = 280
How to Solve:
1
DECOMPOSE the 2-digit factor: Split into tens + ones → 35 = 30 + 5
2
MULTIPLY each part by 8:
8 × 30 = 240 8 × 5 = 40
3
ADD the partial products:
240 + 40 = 280
Zero Rule: Think 8 × 3 = 24 → then attach 0 for tens → 240
Area Model (Boxes) Tens | Ones
8
30 240
5 40
240 + 40 = 280
Partial Products Stack
• 8 × 30 tens
• 8 × 5 ones
240
+ 40
280
Quick Reminder: 1. Decompose → 2. Multiply Tens → 3. Multiply Ones → 4. Add Together
Advanced Multiplication Desk Cards
3×1
3-Digit × 1-Digit Multiplication
Desk Quick Reference • Card A
Worked Example: 243 × 4 = 972
How to Solve:
1
DECOMPOSE into Hundreds, Tens, Ones: Break 243 → 200 + 40 + 3
2
MULTIPLY each part by 4:
4×200=800 4×40=160 4×3=12
3
ADD the 3 partial products:
800 + 160 + 12 = 972
Zero Rule: Think 4 × 2 = 8 → attach 00 for hundreds → 800
Area Model (3 Boxes) H | T | O
4
200 800
40 160
3 12
800 + 160 + 12 = 972
Partial Products Stack
• 4 × 200 (hundreds)
• 4 × 40 (tens)
• 4 × 3 (ones)
800
160
+ 12
972
3×1 Rule: Decompose into 3 parts → Multiply 3 times → Add the 3 products
Cut along dashed line • 2 Reference Cards Per Sheet
2×2
2-Digit × 2-Digit Multiplication
Desk Quick Reference • Card B
Worked Example: 23 × 14 = 322
How to Solve:
1
DECOMPOSE BOTH factors:
23 = 20 + 3 & 14 = 10 + 4
2
MULTIPLY all 4 combinations (4 boxes):
10×20 = 200 10×3 = 30 4×20 = 80 4×3 = 12
3
ADD all 4 partial products:
200 + 30 + 80 + 12 = 322
4-Box Rule: 2 digits × 2 digits = 4 partial products to add!
Area Model (4 Boxes) 2 × 2 Grid
20 3
10 4
200
30
80
12
230 + 92 = 322
Partial Products Stack
• 4 × 3 & 4 × 20
• 10 × 3 & 10 × 20
12
80
30
+ 200
322
2×2 Rule: Decompose both → Multiply 4 times → Add all 4 partial products