Multiplication Checkpoint Test
Name
Date
Mid-Chapter Test: Chapter 4
Powers of Ten, Mental Multiplication & Estimation
Grade 5
Which statement explains the error in the equation \(472 \times 10^2 = 472,000\)?
A In the product, 472 should be followed by 1 zero.
B In the product, 472 should be followed by 2 zeros.
C In the product, 472 should be followed by 3 zeros.
D In the product, 472 should be followed by 4 zeros.
Decide whether each expression is equal to \(300 \times 14\).
Select Yes or No for each expression.
| Expression | Yes | No |
|---|
| \(7 \times 6 \times 100\) | | |
| | |
|
| \(42 \times 100\) |
|
|
| \(420 \times 100\) |
|
|
| \(60 \times 700\) |
|
|
Complete Part A and Part B.
Part A
You use compatible numbers 20 and 70 to estimate \(23 \times 78\).
Your friend uses the compatible numbers 25 and 80 to estimate \(23 \times 78\).
Find each estimated product.
You:
Your friend:
Part B
Choose the word that best completes each part of the sentence.
Your estimated product is an
and your friend's estimated product is an
.
overestimate
underestimate
Multiplication Checkpoint Answer Key
Teacher Resource
Mid-Chapter Test: Chapter 4 — Answer Key
Total Score
5 Points
Grade 5 • Chapter 4: Powers of Ten, Mental Multiplication & Product Estimation
- Correct Answer: B
1 Point
“In the product, 472 should be followed by 2 zeros.”
Explanation: \(10^2 = 10 \times 10 = 100\). Multiplying a whole number by \(10^2\) shifts each digit 2 place values to the left, which appends two zeros: \(472 \times 10^2 = 472 \times 100 = 47,200\). The student in the problem mistakenly wrote three zeros (\(472,000\)), which equals \(472 \times 10^3\).
- Target Value: \(300 \times 14 = 4,200\)
2 Points (0.5 pt each)
| Expression | Answer | Step-by-Step Reason |
|---|
| \(7 \times 6 \times 100\) | Yes | \(7 \times 6 = 42\); then \(42 \times 100 = 4,200\). (Equal) |
| \(42 \times 100\) | Yes | \(42 \times 100 = 4,200\). (Equal) |
| \(420 \times 100\) | No | \(420 \times 100 = 42,000 \ne 4,200\). (Has 1 extra zero) |
| \(60 \times 700\) | No | \(6 \times 7 = 42\), plus three zeros = \(42,000 \ne 4,200\). |
- Actual Product: \(23 \times 78 = 1,794\)
2 Points (1 pt per part)
Part A Solutions
You: 1,400
\(20 \times 70 = 1,400\)
Your friend: 2,000
\(25 \times 80 = 2,000\) (since \(25 \times 8 = 200\))
Part B Solutions
Your product: underestimate
Both \(20 < 23\) and \(70 < 78\), so \(1,400 < 1,794\).
Friend's product: overestimate
Both \(25 > 23\) and \(80 > 78\), so \(2,000 > 1,794\).
Targeted Standards & Skills
5.NBT.A.2: Patterns in the number of zeros when multiplying whole numbers by powers of 10.
5.NBT.B.5: Mental math using associative/distributive properties & estimating products using compatible numbers.
