This instructional math video provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide on finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF), Least Common Multiple (LCM), and Least Common Denominator (LCD). It begins by clearly defining the fundamental building blocks of these concepts: factors and multiples. Through a series of clear numerical examples, the narrator demonstrates how to list factors to find the GCF and how to list multiples to find the LCM, using visual highlighting to emphasize common numbers.