This instructional math video guides students through the process of calculating discounts and final sale prices using percentages. The video features a clear, step-by-step demonstration on a digital chalkboard, breaking down the mathematical procedure into two distinct parts: first calculating the discount amount by multiplying the original price by the discount rate, and then subtracting that amount from the original price to find the final cost. The narrator uses a friendly, paced approach suitable for middle school students learning consumer math.