Sum Difference Sub Guide Day 1 of 5 • Substitute Lesson Plan
Operation Sleuth: Sum & Difference
NO TECH REQUIRED
EST. TIME: 50-60 MIN
Focus: Identifying addition/subtraction keywords & applying CUBES to 2-step problems across 6 station cases.
Pacing Breakdown
00-08 min: Whole-Group Hook
08-18 min: Guided Modeling
18-48 min: Independent Stations (Cases 101-106)
48-50 min: Wrap-Up & Share
Materials Needed
• 1 Student 3-Page Packet per child
• Pencils & Highlighters
• Whiteboard / Chart Paper
• No devices or log-ins needed
Key Objective
Students identify 2 hidden steps in addition/subtraction stories using CUBES before calculating.
1. Scripted Introduction & Keyword Hook (8 Minutes)
Say to Class:
"Detectives, welcome to Operation Sleuth! Real mathematicians don't just guess numbers. They hunt for clues. Today our mission is solving two-step addition and subtraction mysteries. We will use the CUBES method to crack open each case."
Write on Board: Addition Clues: in all, combined, total, perimeter, increased by | Subtraction Clues: how many more, left, difference, fewer than, remain
2. Whole-Group Guided Case Modeling (10 Minutes)
Direct students to the Guided Case File on page 1 of their packet. Model every step aloud:
C (Circle Numbers): Circle 145 books, 88 books, and 64 books.
U (Underline Question): Underline: "How many books are left in the library now?"
B (Box Keywords): Box added (adds) and checked out (subtracts).
E (Evaluate Steps): Step 1: Find new total (145 + 88 = 233). Step 2: Subtract checked out (233 - 64 = 169).
S (Solve & Check): Write full equation: 145 + 88 - 64 = 169 books left.
3. Independent Stations Protocol (30 Minutes)
Distribute the Day 1 Station Packets (Cases 101 through 106).
Students work independently or in whisper pairs. Remind students: Every box of CUBES must be completed before computing.
Circulate the room with the Quick Answer Key below to stamp or initial solved cases.
Day 1 Quick Answer Key (6 Cases - Teacher Copy) Keep strictly for sub reference
Case 101: 42 + 29 − 18 = 53 apples
Case 102: 120 − 45 − 38 = 37 tickets
Case 103: (85 + 64) − 92 = 57 shells
Case 104: 310 − (125 + 98) = 87 miles
Case 105: (154 + 89) − 48 = 195 fish
Case 106: (250 + 75) − 162 = 163 notebooks
Sum Difference Station Packet Detective Dossier • Day 1
Operation Sleuth: Sum & Difference Casebook
Detective Name:
Date: Badge #:
The CUBES Strategy Protocol
C Circle key numbers & units
U Underline the exact question
B Box clue math action words
E Evaluate what to do 1st & 2nd
S Solve step-by-step & check!
+ Addition Clues (Joining)
in all, total, combined, sum, gained, increased by, perimeter, together
− Subtraction Clues (Separating / Difference)
left, difference, fewer than, how many more, lost, remain, spent, change
CASE FILE 101 Topic: Orchard Delivery Problem
The Sun Valley Orchard picked 42 bushels of green apples in the morning and 29 bushels of red apples in the afternoon. Before the day ended, a local bakery bought 18 bushels . How many bushels of apples remain at the orchard?
Step 1: Total Harvested
Step 2: Subtract Bakery Sale
Final Answer with Units
CASE FILE 102 Topic: Carnival Ticket Mystery
Maya started the carnival with 120 game tickets . She spent 45 tickets on the giant Ferris wheel and 38 tickets at the ring toss game. How many carnival tickets does Maya have left?
Step 1: Total Tickets Spent
Step 2: Remaining Tickets
Final Answer with Units
Day 1 • Independent Station Investigation
Cases 103 & 104 Investigation Dossier
Page 2 of 3
CASE FILE 103 Topic: Shoreline Shell Collector
Liam found 85 seashells on Saturday and 64 seashells on Sunday. He gave 92 of his total seashells to his art class for a mosaic project. How many seashells does Liam have remaining?
Step 1: Total Shells Found
Step 2: Subtract Shells Given
Final Answer with Units
CASE FILE 104 Topic: Cross-Country Road Trip
The Gomez family is driving 310 miles to visit a national park. On Monday, they drove 125 miles . On Tuesday, they drove 98 miles . How many more miles must they drive to reach the national park?
Step 1: Miles Driven So Far
Multiply Divide Sub Guide Day 2 of 5 • Substitute Lesson Plan
Operation Sleuth: Multiply & Divide
NO TECH REQUIRED
EST. TIME: 50-60 MIN
Focus: Equal groups, sharing equally, "times as many", and 2-step multiplication/division logic across 6 cases.
Pacing Breakdown
00-08 min: Scripted Introduction
08-18 min: Equal Group Board Demo
18-48 min: Station Cases 201-206
48-50 min: Debrief & Exit Check
Common Pitfall Alert
Students often confuse "times as many" (multiply) with "how many more" (subtract). Remind them to check if the quantity is growing by groups.
Target Objective
Students decode whether to multiply (equal groups) or divide (splitting/sharing) across multi-step scenarios.
1. Scripted Introduction & Grouping Keywords (8 Minutes)
Say to Class:
"Welcome back, detectives! Today we level up our investigation to equal groups. Sometimes a problem asks us to multiply equal sets together, and then divide or split them among friends. Let's look for group keywords!"
Write on Board: Multiplication: each, per, times as many, rows of, in all | Division: split equally, shared among, cut into, each gets, quotient
2. Board Demonstration Model (10 Minutes)
Write this problem on the board and guide the class through the CUBES steps:
"A bakery bakes 6 trays of cookies with 12 cookies on each tray . They pack the cookies into boxes of 4 cookies . How many boxes can they fill?"
Step 1 (Find Total Cookies): 6 × 12 = 72 total cookies
Step 2 (Divide into Boxes): 72 ÷ 4 = 18 boxes
3. Independent Station Protocol (30 Minutes)
Hand out the Day 2 Student Packets (Cases 201-206). Students must show both math operations. For early finishers, have them double-check with the inverse operation.
Day 2 Quick Answer Key (6 Cases - Teacher Copy) Keep strictly for sub reference
Case 201: (8 × 6) ÷ 4 = 12 pencils
Case 202: (45 ÷ 5) × 7 = $63 total
Case 203: (9 × 8) ÷ 6 = 12 teams
Case 204: (120 ÷ 6) ÷ 4 = 5 stickers
(4 × 18) ÷ 8 =
Multiply Divide Station Packet Detective Dossier • Day 2
Operation Sleuth: Multiply & Divide Casebook
Detective Name:
Date: Badge #:
× Multiplication Clues (Equal Groups / Scaling)
each, per, in each group, times as many, total rows, twice as much, product
÷ Division Clues (Splitting / Sharing Equally)
split evenly, shared equally, into equal parts, how many in each, cut into, quotient
CASE FILE 201 Topic: Art Supply Distribution
An art teacher bought 8 packs of colored pencils . Each pack contained 6 pencils . She decided to divide all the pencils equally among 4 student supply tables . How many pencils does each table receive?
Step 1: Total Pencils Bought
Step 2: Pencils per Table
Final Answer with Units
CASE FILE 202 Topic: Book Fair Value
At the book fair, 5 identical chapter books cost $45 in total . Leo decides he wants to purchase 7 of these chapter books . What will be the total cost for Leo's 7 books?
Step 1: Cost of 1 Book
Step 2: Cost of 7 Books
Final Answer with Units
Day 2 • Independent Station Investigation
Cases 203 & 204 Investigation Dossier
Page 2 of 3
CASE FILE 203 Topic: Field Day Team Roster
There are 9 classrooms participating in field day, and each classroom has 8 students signed up for the relay race. The gym teacher splits all the runners into teams of 6 runners each . How many relay teams are formed?
Step 1: Total Runners
Step 2: Number of Teams
Final Answer with Units
CASE FILE 204 Topic: Reward Sticker Sharing
A principal has a pack of 120 shiny reward stickers . She divides them equally among 6 teachers . Mr. Harrison then splits his share equally among 4 students in his reading group. How many stickers does each of Mr. Harrison's 4 students receive?
Step 1: Stickers per Teacher
Step 2: Stickers per Student
Final Answer with Units
Day 2 • Advanced Investigation Stations
Cases 205 & 206 • Clearance Audit
Page 3 of 3
CASE FILE 205 Topic: Fruit Stand Packing
A fruit stand receives 4 crates of oranges , with 18 oranges in each crate . The workers repack all the oranges into fresh gift bags of . How many full gift bags can they create?
Mixed Operations Sub Guide Day 3 of 5 • Substitute Lesson Plan
Operation Sleuth: Mixed Operations
NO TECH REQUIRED
EST. TIME: 50-60 MIN
Focus: Deciding operation combinations (Multiply & Add, Multiply & Subtract, Divide & Add, etc.) across 6 cases.
Pacing Breakdown
00-08 min: Scripted Op-Decider Hook
08-18 min: Dual-Operation Modeling
18-48 min: Station Cases 301-306
48-50 min: Detective Case Clearance
Key Misconception
Students often try to do operations in the order numbers appear in the text instead of the order of events in the story.
Target Skill
Combine addition/subtraction with multiplication/division to create valid two-step mathematical story models.
1. Scripted Introduction: The Operation Decider (8 Minutes)
Say to Class:
"Master Sleuths, today we face our greatest puzzle yet: The Mixed Operation Mix-Up ! You will see problems where step 1 might be multiplying equal groups, and step 2 might be subtracting what was spent or given away. Ask yourself: What happened first in real life? "
Write on Board: Pattern A: (Groups × Size) − Spent | Pattern B: (Total − Remaining) ÷ People
2. Board Guided Modeling (10 Minutes)
Work through this multi-operation example with the class:
"Elena bought 4 packs of stickers with 15 stickers each . She gave 18 stickers to her brother. How many stickers does Elena have now?"
Step 1 (Multiply groups): 4 × 15 = 60 stickers total
Step 2 (Subtract given away): 60 − 18 = 42 stickers left
3. Independent Work & Differentiation (30 Minutes)
Hand out the Day 3 Station Packet (Cases 301-306). Encourage struggling students to write "Step 1: finding total" or "Step 1: finding change" before writing digits.
Day 3 Quick Answer Key (6 Cases - Teacher Copy) Keep strictly for sub reference
Case 301: (6 × $8) + $25 = $73 total
Case 302: (50 − 14) ÷ 4 = 9 toys
Case 303: (7 × 12) − 35 = 49 muffins
Case 304: 100 − (3 × 15) = 55 beads
Case 305: (5 × $60) − $120 =
Mixed Operations Station Packet Detective Dossier • Day 3
Operation Sleuth: Mixed Operations Casebook
Detective Name:
Date: Badge #:
The Mixed Operation Detective Strategy
Combination 1: Groups + Extra Multiply equal groups first, then add extra items or subtract items removed.
Combination 2: Total Remaining ÷ Split Subtract what was used/kept first, then divide what remains into equal shares.
CASE FILE 301 Topic: Community Garden Supplies
Marcus bought 6 bags of organic soil for $8 each . He also bought a heavy-duty garden watering hose for $25 . How much money did Marcus spend in total at the garden store?
Step 1: Cost of Soil Bags
Step 2: Add Hose Cost
Final Total Spent
CASE FILE 302 Topic: Animal Shelter Donation
A pet store donated 50 chew toys to an animal shelter. The shelter director set aside 14 toys for puppies and divided the rest equally among 4 large dog playpens . How many toys went into each playpen?
Step 1: Toys Remaining to Split
Step 2: Divide Among Playpens
Final Answer with Units
Day 3 • Independent Station Investigation
Cases 303 & 304 Investigation Dossier
Page 2 of 3
CASE FILE 303 Topic: Morning Muffin Bake
A bakery made 7 dozen blueberry muffins (remember: 1 dozen = 12 muffins). By noon, customers had purchased 35 muffins . How many blueberry muffins does the bakery have left to sell?
Step 1: Total Muffins Baked
Step 2: Subtract Sold Muffins
Final Answer with Units
CASE FILE 304 Topic: Friendship Bracelet Kit
Sophie had a jar of 100 decorative glass beads . She made 3 identical bracelets , using 15 beads on each bracelet . How many beads are left in Sophie's jar?
Step 1: Total Beads Used
Step 2: Beads Left in Jar
Final Answer with Units
Day 3 • Advanced Investigation Stations
Cases 305 & 306 • Clearance Audit
Page 3 of 3
CASE FILE 305 Topic: Music Room Equipment
A school music department bought 5 acoustic guitars for $60 each . They used a school arts grant that covered $120 of the total cost . How much money did the music department have to pay from their own funds?
Hidden Steps Sub Guide Day 4 of 5 • Substitute Lesson Plan
Operation Sleuth: Hidden Steps & Distractors
NO TECH REQUIRED
EST. TIME: 50-60 MIN
Focus: Filtering out extra irrelevant numbers (Eliminate) and naming the "hidden question" across 6 cases.
Pacing Breakdown
00-08 min: Red Herring Hook
08-18 min: Eliminator Demo
18-48 min: Station Cases 401-406
48-50 min: Exit Debrief
The "Red Herring" Concept
Word problems often contain extra information (e.g. age, dates, room numbers). Remind students to physically cross them out!
Target Objective
Students articulate the hidden intermediate question and actively strike through distractor data.
1. Scripted Introduction: Spotting the "Red Herrings" (8 Minutes)
Say to Class:
"Attention detectives! In real detective cases, witnesses sometimes share extra information that has nothing to do with the crime. In math, we call these Red Herrings or Distractors . The 'E' in CUBES stands for Eliminate extra info. Don't let trick numbers fool you!"
2. Board Guided Modeling (10 Minutes)
Write this problem on the board and ask students to spot the trap:
"In Room 14 , 8 students each brought 5 canned goods on Friday at 2:00 PM . Then 12 cans were donated by the staff. How many total cans were collected?"
Distractors to Eliminate: Room 14 and 2:00 PM (not quantities of cans!).
Hidden Step 1 (Student cans): 8 × 5 = 40 cans
Step 2 (Add staff cans): 40 + 12 = 52 total cans
3. Station Investigation Flow (30 Minutes)
Students work through Day 4 Cases 401-406. Challenge them to write down the distractor item on the designated blank line before computing.
Day 4 Quick Answer Key (6 Cases - Teacher Copy) Keep strictly for sub reference
Case 401: (15 × 4) + 22 = 82 pages [Extra: 10 yrs]
Case 402: (4 × $6) + $15 = $39 [Extra: 3:30 PM]
Case 403: (72 ÷ 8) × 3 = 27 cookies [Extra: Gr 4]
Case 404: (150 − 30) ÷ 6 = 20 cards [Extra: Box #7]
Hidden Steps Station Packet Detective Dossier • Day 4
Operation Sleuth: Hidden Steps & Distractor Clues
Detective Name:
Date: Badge #:
The Distractor Eliminator Rule
Cross out any number that tells an age, room number, clock time, or date if it is not part of the amount being calculated!
CASE FILE 401 Topic: Reading Goal Challenge
David is 10 years old . He decided to read 15 pages every day for 4 days . On Friday, he noticed he still had 22 pages left to finish the whole book. How many total pages are in David's book?
Distractor / Extra Info to Eliminate:
Step 1: Pages Read (4 Days)
Step 2: Add Pages Left
Total Pages in Book
CASE FILE 402 Topic: Movie Theater Concession
At 3:30 PM , Jackson went to the movies. He bought 4 sodas for $6 each and spent $15 on a jumbo bucket of popcorn . How much money did Jackson spend in total at the movie snack counter?
Distractor / Extra Info to Eliminate:
Step 1: Cost of 4 Sodas
Step 2: Add Popcorn Cost
Total Cost Spent
Day 4 • Independent Station Investigation
Cases 403 & 404 Investigation Dossier
Page 2 of 3
CASE FILE 403 Topic: Bake Sale Sharing
A Grade 4 class baked 72 sugar cookies . They packaged them equally into 8 gift tins . The teacher kept 3 gift tins to deliver to the main office. How many total cookies were delivered to the office?
Distractor / Extra Info to Eliminate:
Step 1: Cookies per Tin
Step 2: Cookies in 3 Tins
Final Office Cookies
CASE FILE 404 Topic: Trading Card Collection
In Storage Box #7 , Ava had a collection of 150 baseball cards . She kept 30 rare cards in a binder and divided the rest equally among 6 friends . How many baseball cards did each friend receive?
Distractor / Extra Info to Eliminate:
Step 1: Cards Left to Share
Step 2: Share Among 6 Friends
Cards per Friend
Day 4 • Advanced Investigation Stations
Cases 405 & 406 • Clearance Audit
Page 3 of 3
CASE FILE 405 Topic: Youth Soccer Equipment
On June 12th , Coach Miller inspected . He placed into the recess bin. He distributed the remaining balls equally among . How many balls did each captain get?
Showdown Mastery Sub Guide Day 5 of 5 • Culminating Challenge & Assessment
Operation Sleuth: Master Challenge Guide
NO TECH REQUIRED
EST. TIME: 50-60 MIN
Focus: Independent Mastery Assessment of 2-step and multi-step word problems across 6 comprehensive cases.
Assessment Timeline
00-05 min: Scripted Pep Talk
05-42 min: Independent Mastery Cases (501-506)
42-48 min: Detective Self-Audit
48-50 min: Collect All Dossiers
Badge of Mastery
Students who complete all 6 cases earn the official title of Chief Math Detective .
Testing Conditions
Independent quiet work. Students may use scrap paper and their CUBES strategy reference banner.
1. Scripted Pep Talk & Instructions (5 Minutes)
Say to Class:
"Detectives, all week you have trained in CUBES, uncovered hidden questions, eliminated red herrings, and mastered all four operations. Today is your official Master Casebook Showdown . Work carefully across all 6 cases, write both steps clearly, and remember to include units on your answers. Good luck!"
2. 4-Point Case Scoring Rubric (For Teacher Grading)
4 - Master Sleuth CUBES marks complete, both steps accurate, correct labeled unit.
3 - Senior Detective Correct math operations, minor computation slip, unit present.
2 - Junior Sleuth Only 1 step attempted or wrong operation chosen.
1 - In Training Numbers combined without clear strategy or steps.
3. Sub Wrap-Up Note for Classroom Teacher
Please paperclip the completed student packets together and leave them on the teacher's desk alongside any extra scrap paper.
Day 5 Final Assessment Master Key (6 Cases) Strictly for Teacher / Sub Evaluation
Case 501 (+ / −): (140 + 85) − 67 = 158 books
Case 502 (× / ÷): (6 × 14) ÷ 4 = 21 melons
Case 503 (× / −): (5 × $12) − $18 = $42 spent
Case 504 (− / ÷): (200 − 56) ÷ 8 = 18 sets
Case 505 (× / +): (4 × 9) + 15 = 51 plants
Case 506 (3-Step): (3 × 24 − 12) ÷ 6 = 10 pens
Word Problem Challenge Packet Final Challenge • Day 5
Operation Sleuth: Master Challenge Dossier
Detective Name:
Date: Badge #:
Master Detective Protocol: Circle numbers • Underline question • Box clues • Eliminate • Solve both steps SHOW ALL WORK
CASE FILE 501 Operation Mix: Addition & Subtraction
The community library held a donation drive. They collected 140 mystery books and 85 science books . Before placing them on shelves, they donated 67 worn-out books to a recycling program. How many books were placed on the library shelves?
Step 1: Total Books Collected
Step 2: Subtract Recycled Books
Final Books on Shelves
CASE FILE 502 Operation Mix: Multiplication & Division
A farmer harvested 6 crates of fresh melons , with 14 melons inside each crate . The farmer then repacked all the melons equally into 4 large market display bins . How many melons went into each display bin?
Step 1: Total Melons Harvested
Step 2: Melons per Display Bin
Final Melons per Bin
Day 5 • Mastery Challenge Part II
Cases 503 & 504 Dossier Investigation
Page 2 of 3
CASE FILE 503 Operation Mix: Multiplication & Subtraction
At the science shop, Carlos bought 5 model rocket kits for $12 each . He had a discount coupon that saved him $18 off his entire purchase . What was Carlos's final total cost after using the coupon?
Step 1: Rocket Kits Regular Cost
Step 2: Subtract Discount
Final Cost Paid
CASE FILE 504 Operation Mix: Subtraction & Division (with Distractor)
On Friday afternoon , a toy warehouse started with 200 building block sets . They shipped 56 sets to a school . They split the remaining block sets equally among 8 local toy stores . How many block sets did each store receive?
Distractor / Extra Info Eliminated:
Step 1: Block Sets Remaining
Step 2: Sets per Store
Final Sets per Store
Day 5 • Grand Finale Cases
Cases 505 & 506 • Official Clearance
Page 3 of 3
CASE FILE 505 Operation Mix: Multiplication & Addition
A community garden team planted 4 rows of tomato seedlings with 9 plants in each row . They also planted 15 bell pepper seedlings in an adjoining garden bed. How many total vegetable seedlings were planted?