Sentence Anatomy Do Now Do Now • 7 Mins ELD IV • Syntax Foundations
Name: ___________________________
Period: _____
Date: ________
Sentence Anatomy: Subject & Predicate
Every complete sentence pairs a naming part (who/what) with a telling part (action/state).
The Subject (Naming Part)
Who or what performs the action or exists in a state of being.
Complete: All words describing who/what
Simple: The essential core noun or pronoun
The Predicate (Telling Part)
What the subject does, did, or is . Always built around the verb.
Complete: The verb plus all object & modifier details
Simple: The main verb or verb phrase alone
Teacher Model: Sentence Breakdown
The dedicated marine biologists / carefully analyzed deep ocean samples.
Simple Subject (Noun): biologists
Simple Predicate (Verb): analyzed
2
Your Turn: Analyze the Sentences
Draw a slash ( / ) between subject & predicate • Then write the simple forms
Digital literacy programs prepare high school students for future technology careers.
Simple Subject:
Simple Predicate:
The passionate community leaders voiced their concerns during the public forum.
Simple Subject:
Simple Predicate:
Many migratory birds travel thousands of kilometers toward warmer regions every autumn.
Simple Subject:
Simple Predicate:
Innovative aerospace engineers designed an ultra-lightweight satellite chassis.
Simple Subject:
Simple Predicate:
Ancient architectural wonders reveal sophisticated mathematical techniques of early builders.
Simple Subject:
Simple Predicate:
⚡
Quick Challenge: Complete the thought by adding your own predicate: "The observant student journalist ____________________________________________."
Sentence Builder Do Now Do Now • 7 Mins ELD IV • Sentence Architecture
Name: ___________________________
Period: _____
Date: ________
Sentence Builder: Composing Subjects & Predicates
Practice generating precise academic subjects and vivid predicates to construct complete thoughts.
Composition Focus
Composing a Subject
Ask: Who or what is performing this action? Avoid vague pronouns (like they or stuff ). Use specific, expanded nouns (e.g., "The marine conservationists" ).
Composing a Predicate
Ask: What does this subject do, experience, or become? Start directly with a strong action or linking verb, followed by descriptive details.
Teacher Models: Filling the Missing Half
Model A: Given Predicate → Write Subject
A team of curious student engineers designed an automated solar irrigation system.
Model B: Given Subject → Write Predicate
The outspoken community organizers demanded safer pedestrian crosswalks near schools.
2
Your Turn: Complete Each Academic Sentence
Use precise academic language to compose the missing component
Part A: Compose the Subject Who or what performed this action?
... investigated the long-term effects of microplastics in local drinking water.
Part A: Compose the Subject Who or what transformed this space?
... transformed the vacant city lot into a thriving community garden.
Part B: Compose the Predicate What did the researchers discover or do?
The dedicated environmental researchers ...
Part B: Compose the Predicate What action did the software perform?
The new translation algorithm ...
Part C: Advanced Predicate Creation Complete with a strong verb and rich details
Several ambitious high school entrepreneurs ...
⚡
Sentence Check: Did each subject contain a specific noun? Did each predicate begin with an active verb?
Noun verified Verb verified
Sentence Patterns Do Now Do Now • 7 Mins ELD IV • Syntax Discovery
Name: ___________________________
Period: _____
Date: ________
Sentence Patterns: Subject & Predicate
Analyze the internal structure of academic sentences to uncover recurring syntactic rules.
Pattern Analysis
A
Part 1: Underline the Complete Subject
Ask: Who or what is performing the action?
Marine biologists track whale migration routes using acoustic satellite tags.
The rapid expansion of solar power lowers electricity costs for rural families.
Dedicated student journalists published an investigative article on school nutrition.
Modern agricultural drones monitor crop health with multispectral cameras.
The local community center offers free digital literacy workshops every weekend.
B
Part 2: Underline the Complete Predicate
Ask: What action or description is told about the subject?
Experienced civil engineers designed earthquake-resistant transit bridges.
Fresh organic produce provides essential vitamins and minerals for growing teens.
Several international climate delegates signed a historic conservation agreement.
Urban vertical farms conserve ninety percent more water than traditional fields.
The youth debate team presented compelling counterarguments during the tournament.
Part 3: Linguistic Analysis
Synthesize your observations
What pattern do you see?
Guiding Questions: Where does the subject consistently appear compared to the predicate? What type of word usually starts the predicate? How do both parts work together to form a complete academic thought?
Sentence Starter: I noticed that the subject always _______________, while the predicate consistently _______________.
Fragment Repair Do Now Friday Do Now • 7 Mins ELD IV • Syntax Clinic
Name: ___________________________
Period: _____
Date: ________
Fragment Repair: Fixing Broken Sentences
Diagnose what is missing and restore every fragment to a complete thought.
Weekly Wrap-Up
What is a Fragment? (Simple Definition)
A fragment is an incomplete, broken sentence. It is missing a Subject (who/what) OR a Predicate (what happened). Because a piece is gone, it cannot stand alone.
The Golden Rule
Subject + Predicate = Complete!
Example 1: Missing Subject
Fragment: "...explored the deep ocean trench."
Fix: The scientists explored the deep ocean trench.
Example 2: Missing Predicate
Fragment: "The high school robotics team..."
Fix: The high school robotics team won first place.
2
Your Turn: Diagnose & Repair (5 Items)
1. Check what is missing • 2. Rewrite as a complete sentence
The talented graphic design students...
Missing: Subject Predicate
Repair:
...discovered an ancient stone calendar in the dense jungle.
Missing: Subject Predicate
Repair:
Electric commuter trains and clean hybrid buses...
Missing: Subject Predicate
Repair:
...advocated for cleaner air at the city council hearing.
Missing: Subject Predicate
Repair:
Our school's bilingual debate team...
Missing: Subject Predicate
Repair:
🎉
Weekly Mastery Check: A sentence is only complete when it has both a naming part (subject) and an action part (predicate).
Syntax Certified!
Syntax Mastery Answer Key Teacher Reference • Answer Key ELD IV • Syntax Mastery Unit
Page 1 of 2 • Days 1 & 2
Syntax Mastery: Teacher Answer Key (Part 1)
Official solutions, acceptable student variations, and scaffolding guidance for ELD IV.
Answer Key & Guide
1
Do Now 1: Sentence Anatomy (Identification & Extraction)
Slash placement + Simple forms
Digital literacy programs / prepare high school students for future technology careers.
Simple Subject: programs
Simple Predicate: prepare
The passionate community leaders / voiced their concerns during the public forum.
Simple Subject: leaders
Simple Predicate: voiced
Many migratory birds / travel thousands of kilometers toward warmer regions every autumn.
Simple Subject: birds
Simple Predicate: travel
Innovative aerospace engineers / designed an ultra-lightweight satellite chassis.
Simple Subject: engineers
Simple Predicate: designed
Ancient architectural wonders / reveal sophisticated mathematical techniques of early builders.
Simple Subject: wonders
Simple Predicate: reveal
⚡ Finisher Exemplar: "The observant student journalist investigated school cafeteria funding and interviewed administrators."
2
Do Now 2: Sentence Builder (Generative Composition)
Exemplar Academic Responses
1. Composed Subject (Given Predicate)
[A team of marine biologists / Water quality inspectors] ...investigated the long-term effects of microplastics in local drinking water.
2. Composed Subject (Given Predicate)
[Dedicated neighborhood volunteers / High school environmental clubs] ...transformed the vacant city lot into a thriving community garden.
3. Composed Predicate (Given Subject)
The dedicated environmental researchers... [discovered rising soil acidity / collected air pollution data across three cities].
4. Composed Predicate (Given Subject)
The new translation algorithm... [processed spoken dialogue into forty dialects / corrected grammatical errors instantly].
5. Composed Predicate (Given Subject)
