22. We are hungry after the long soccer game. error: is → are
23. My sister is an excellent piano player. error: am → is
24. Are the pencils on the classroom table? error: Is → Are
25. It is very hot in the classroom today. error: are → is
💡 ESL Teacher Insights: Spanish L1 Interference pedagogical focus points
1. Age Expression (Item 20):
Spanish uses tener ("Tengo 12 años"). Hispanic learners frequently write "I have 12 years" or mix "I are". Emphasize that English always uses to be for age.
2. Compound Subjects (Items 10 & 14):
Learners often match only the closest noun (e.g., "Carlos and I am"). Remind students to substitute pronouns: Carlos and I = We → are.
3. Weather & Dummy 'It' (Items 9 & 25):
Spanish is a pro-drop language ("Hace frío" / "Está caliente"). Teach that English requires the placeholder pronoun: It is cold / It is hot.
4. Question Word Order (Items 13 & 24):
In Spanish, questions often keep declarative word order with rising intonation. English requires inverting verb and subject: Are you...? / Are the pencils...?
Grading scale: 23–25 = Advanced (A) • 19–22 = Proficient (B) • 15–18 = Developing (C) • <15 = Needs Review Answer Key • Page 1 of 1
Turn page for Parts B & C → Page 1 of 2
Part B: Multiple Choice • Part C: Sentence Correction
Student Name:
Circle the correct plural noun for each sentence. / Encierra en un círculo el sustantivo plural correcto.
8 Questions (11–18)
11. The cat chased three small .
(A) mouses (B) mice (C) mices
12. Please wash the dirty in the sink.
(A) dishes (B) dishs (C) dishies
13. My brother ran and hurt both of his .
(A) foots (B) feets (C) feet
14. We need six clean water on the table.
(A) glasss (B) glasses (C) glass
15. The public library has thousands of .
(A) books (B) bookes (C) bookies
16. Three work as doctors in the clinic.
(A) womans (B) women (C) womens
17. In autumn, colorful fall from the trees.
(A) leafs (B) leaves (C) leafes
18. She bought fresh at the market.
(A) strawberries (B) strawberrys (C) strawberryes
Each sentence has ONE incorrect plural noun. Write the corrected sentence. / Corrige el sustantivo plural incorrecto.
7 Questions (19–25)
19. Incorrect: I saw two black cat on the garage roof.
Correct:
20. Incorrect: There are five womans in the meeting room.
Correct:
21. Incorrect: He brushed his tooths before going to sleep.
Correct:
22. Incorrect: Mom packed three sandwichs for our lunch.
Correct:
23. Incorrect: The big citys in Texas have many tall buildings.
Correct:
24. Incorrect: Many childs are playing in the public pool.
Correct:
25. Incorrect: Put the drinking glasss in the kitchen cabinet.
Correct:
End of Exercise • Total Score: _____ / 25 Page 2 of 2
21. He brushed his teeth before going to sleep. error: tooths → teeth
22. Mom packed three sandwiches for our lunch. error: sandwichs → sandwiches
23. The big cities in Texas have many tall buildings. error: citys → cities
24. Many children are playing in the public pool. error: childs → children
25. Put the drinking glasses in the kitchen cabinet. error: glasss → glasses
💡 ESL Teacher Insights: Pluralization & Spanish Transfer common learner stumbling blocks
1. Double-Pluralizing (Items 4, 16, 20, 24):
Students often attempt to add -s to irregular plurals (e.g., "childrens", "peoples", "womans"). Stress that irregular forms are already fully plural without an -s.
2. The Sibilant Rule (Items 2, 5, 6, 12, 14, 22):
In Spanish, -es is added only after consonants (reloj → relojes). In English, words ending in -s, -x, -ch, -sh, -z require -es to create a pronounceable /ɪz/ syllable.
3. Vowel+Y vs Consonant+Y (Items 3, 7, 18, 23):
Point out that only nouns ending in a consonant + y change to -ies (city → cities). Vowel + y words simply add -s (boy → boys, day → days).
4. Internal Vowel Mutation (Items 8, 9, 13, 21):
Spanish does not have vowel-mutation plurals (pie → pies). Point out the English pattern: oo → ee (tooth → teeth, foot → feet) and a → e (man → men, woman → women).
Grading scale: 23–25 = Advanced (A) • 19–22 = Proficient (B) • 15–18 = Developing (C) • <15 = Needs Review Answer Key • Page 1 of 1
