Fact Fiction Teacher Guide Fact vs Fiction Clues
Teacher Guide • Lesson 1
Information Detectives
Time
45-60 Minutes
Goal
Distinguish between fact and fiction using visual clues.
Level
3rd Grade ESL
The Hook: The Lion Test
Show the students two images (provided in the slides): A high-quality photograph of a real lion in the wild, and a colorful cartoon lion (like Simba or a similar illustration).
Ask the Detectives:
"If I want to learn what a real lion eats, which picture should I look at?"
"Which picture shows something that is true in the real world?"
"Which picture is made to tell a story?"
Key Vocabulary
Fact: Something that is true and can be proven.
Fiction: A story that is made up or imaginary.
Non-Fiction: Writing that is based on facts and real events.
Clue: A sign or hint that helps us solve a mystery.
Instructional Steps
Define the Roles: Explain that students are now "Information Detectives." Their job is to make sure the information they find is real.
Visual Clue Investigation: Use the slides to compare photos vs. illustrations. Explain that non-fiction often uses real photos, maps, and diagrams. Fiction often uses drawings or cartoons.
Purpose Discussion: Talk about why people write. "To Inform" (give facts) vs. "To Entertain" (tell a story).
Practice Activity: Hand out the "Case File: Photo or Drawing?" worksheet. Students will sort different media types.
ESL Scaffolding & Support
Visual Aids
Use physical books from the library. Let students touch and see the difference between a glossy encyclopedia photo and a watercolor storybook illustration.
Sentence Starters
"I think this is fiction because I see drawings."
"I think this is non-fiction because I see a real photo."
"This book is telling a story."
"This website is giving us facts."
Collaborative Learning
Have students work in pairs to categorize the books. This allows for peer-to-peer language practice and reduces the anxiety of identifying genres alone.
Common Misconceptions
"If it's a photo, it's always true."
Remind students that photos can be edited (like a photo of a dog driving a car). Focus on the *intent* of the photo in this lesson.
"Non-fiction can't have drawings."
Clarify that diagrams and charts are drawings that show facts. These are different from cartoon characters.
Fact Fiction Slides Information Detectives
Special Investigation Unit
Your Mission
To learn how to tell if information is TRUE and SAFE.
Essential Question:
"How do we know if what we read is real?"
🦁
Image A
🎨🦁
Image B
Which one is REAL?
FACT
What is a Fact?
Something TRUE.
It is real in the world.
Something we can PROVE.
We can see it or test it.
Example: "Lions live in groups called prides."
FICTION
What is Fiction?
Something MADE-UP.
It comes from someone's imagination.
A STORY.
Made to entertain us.
Example: "The lion sang a song to his friends."
Detective Clues
Non-Fiction
Real Photographs
Labels and Maps
Real Animals/Places
Fiction
Illustrations (Drawings)
Talking Animals
Magic or Superpowers
The Purpose
To Inform
(Give Facts)
To Entertain
(Tell a Story)
Case Assigned
Open your Case File Worksheet.
Sort the items into Fact or Fiction.
Fact Fiction Worksheet Case File #001
Information Detectives Unit
Agent Name:
Date:
Investigation Goal
Circle FACT if it is real. Circle FICTION if it is a story.
📸
A real photo of a forest.
"I see real trees and colors."
Fact Fiction
🎨
A drawing of a dragon.
"The dragon is breathing fire."
Fact Fiction
💬
A talking cat says "Hello!"
"The cat wears a red hat."
Fact Fiction
🗺️
A map of our city.
"It shows where my school is."
Fact Fiction
Detective Notes
How do you know if it is a FACT?
I know it is a Fact because I see a...
I know it is Fiction because I see a...
Official Evidence Folder
Author Teacher Guide Finding the Author
Teacher Guide • Lesson 2
Information Detectives
Time
45-60 Minutes
Goal
Identify who wrote a piece of information and why they wrote it.
Level
3rd Grade ESL
The Hook: The Secret Note
Place two notes on the white-board.
Note 1: "Everyone gets an extra 10 minutes of recess today! - Signed, The Principal"
Note 2: "Everyone must do 100 pushups right now." (Unsigned)
Ask the Detectives:
"Which note should we believe? Why?"
"Why does it matter WHO wrote the note?"
"How do we know the first note is real?" (Look for the name/title).
Key Vocabulary
Author: The person who wrote the book or article.
Trust: To believe that someone or something is honest.
"About Us": A part of a website that tells you who made it.
Expert: Someone who knows a lot about a specific topic.
Instructional Steps
Stranger vs. Expert Analogy: Use the slides to explain why we trust a doctor for health advice but not a random stranger on the street.
Locating the Author: Show students where to find names (under titles, on the cover, in the footer).
The "About Us" Clue: Explain that if a website has no author, we look for "About Us" to see what company or group made it (e.g., National Geographic Kids).
Investigation: Use the "Mystery Writer" worksheet. Students will look at mock articles and circle the author's name and title.
Author Slides Finding the Author
Case File #002
Who wrote it?
"Everyone gets an extra 10 minutes of recess today!"
- Signed, The Principal
"Everyone must do 100 pushups right now."
- Signed, Unknown
"Which one do we trust?"
The Author
The Author is the person who wrote the information.
A Stranger
Should we trust them for medical advice?
NO
A Doctor
Should we trust them for medical advice?
YES
Detective Checklist: Where is the Author?
The Book Cover
Look for the name near the bottom or top.
Under the Title
"By Jane Smith"
"About Us"
If there is no person, look for the group or website name.
Nat Geo Kids
Section: About Us
No Author?
If you don't see a person's name, look for the Company or Website.
"Is this a group we know and trust?"
The Mystery Writer
Take your Case File worksheet. Find the Authors for the two mystery stories.
Mystery Writer Worksheet Case File #002
The Mystery Writer Investigation
Agent Name:
Investigation Goal
Find the author's name and decide if we can trust them.
Mystery Article A
The Secret Life of Penguins
By Dr. Sarah Snow, Penguin Expert
Penguins live in cold places like Antarctica. They are birds but they cannot fly. They are excellent swimmers and catch fish to eat.
Who wrote this?
Trust
Wait
Mystery Article B
How to Get Free Ice Cream
(No name found)
If you jump up and down three times and say "Banana!", the ice cream truck will give you free chocolate cones. It works every time!
Who wrote this?
Unknown
Trust
Wait
Detective Debrief
Why did you trust Article A more than Article B?
"I trust Article A because..."
"I don't trust Article B because..."
Ads Teacher Guide Spotting Hidden Ads
Teacher Guide • Lesson 3
Information Detectives
Time
45-60 Minutes
Goal
Identify advertisements on websites and differentiate them from informational content.
Level
3rd Grade ESL
The Hook: Spot the Ad
Use the slide titled "Spot the Difference." Show a mock website layout for "World of Dinosaurs." One box has info about a T-Rex. Another box has a colorful toy dinosaur with a "BUY NOW" button.
Ask the Detectives:
"One of these boxes is trying to teach us something. Which one?"
"One of these boxes is trying to sell us something. Which one?"
"How can you tell they are different?" (Look for buttons, prices, or the word 'AD').
Key Vocabulary
Advertisement (Ad): Content made to sell a product or service.
Sponsored: When a company pays to have their message shown.
Pop-up: An ad that suddenly appears over the content.
Informational: Content made to give facts and teach.
Instructional Steps
Selling vs. Telling: Explain that websites need money to stay online. They get money by showing ads. Our job is to ignore the ads and find the information.
Visual Markers of an Ad:
"Buy Now" or "Order Today" buttons.
Colorful, flashing borders.
Small words like "Ad", "Sponsored", or "Promoted".
Price tags ($19.99).
Practice Simulation: Show more examples on the slides. Have students point to the ads.
The Worksheet: "Ad Alert!" worksheet. Students color-code a website layout (Blue for info, Red for ads).
Ads Slides Spotting Hidden Ads
Case File #003
Spot the Difference
🦖
The T-Rex
The T-Rex lived millions of years ago. It was a very big dinosaur with sharp teeth.
AD
🧸🦖
Dino Toy - $15.99
Buy Now!
Telling
"Here are some facts about space."
Selling
"Buy this cool space helmet today!"
Ad Clues
Price Tags
Look for "$", "Sale", or "Price".
"Buy Now"
Buttons that ask you to click or buy.
Labels
"Sponsored" or "Promotion"
Outside Boxes
They often look different from the main article.
Information Only
Good detectives ignore the Ads and look for the Facts.
Ad Alert
Grab your color pencils. Let's find the ads on the website!
Ads Worksheet Case File #003
Investigation: Ad Alert!
Agent Name:
Instructions
www.naturekids.com/all-about-bears
Sponsored
🧸
Bear Plushie
$9.99
BUY NOW
Ad
🎒
Super Bag
Free Shipping
Amazing Black Bears
Black bears live in forests and mountains. They have thick black fur to keep them warm. During the winter, black bears sleep for a long time in dens.
🐻
Bears eat many things like berries, nuts, and fish. They are very smart animals.
🍯
Yummy Honey Jars!
Sweet and 100% Natural
ORDER TODAY
Detective Reflection
How did you know those boxes were advertisements?
I saw a Price Tag ($)
I saw a "Buy Now" button.
I saw the word "Sponsored".
Rule of Two Teacher Guide The Rule of Two
Teacher Guide • Lesson 4
Information Detectives
Time
45-60 Minutes
Goal
Verify information by finding the same fact in two different sources.
Level
3rd Grade ESL
The Hook: The Floating Teacher
Tell the class a "secret" fact with a straight face: "Did you know that in the teacher's lounge, there is a special rug that makes you float when you stand on it?"
Ask the Detectives:
"Do you believe me? Why or why not?"
"How could you check if I am telling the truth?"
"If only ONE person tells you something, is it always true?"
"What if you asked another teacher and they said it wasn't true?"
Key Vocabulary
Verify: To check that something is true.
Source: Where the information comes from (a book, a website).
Cross-Check: Comparing two sources to see if they agree.
Agree: When two things say the same thing.
Instructional Steps
The Rule of Two: Explain the detective rule: "If you find a fact in TWO safe places, it is likely true."
Why Cross-Check? People can make mistakes. Sometimes they tell stories to be funny. If we check twice, we find the real facts.
How to Cross-Check:
Read the first source.
Find a key fact.
Look for that same fact in a second book or website.
Activity: "Double Check Challenge." Provide two short, simple texts about a topic (e.g., Polar Bears). Students must find one fact that is in both.
Rule of Two Slides The Rule of Two
Case File #004
Is one enough?
"I saw a cat that could fly!"
Only 1 person said it.
"Cats have soft fur and four legs."
Everyone agrees.
The Rule of Two
"Find the same fact in TWO different places."
Source 1
Source 2
Detective Steps
01
Read one article and find a fact.
02
Look at a different book or website.
03
Do they say the same thing?
Book 1
"Polar bears have thick white fur to stay warm in the snow."
Website 1
"White fur helps polar bears hide and stay warm in the cold."
They Agree! It's a Fact!
Double Check Challenge
Read your two mini-articles. Can you find one fact that is in BOTH?
Rule of Two Worksheet Case File #004
Investigation: Double Check
Agent Name:
The Rule of Two
"If you see it in 2 places, it is probably true!"
Source A: Book
The Brave Firefighters
Firefighters help people when there is a fire. They wear heavy boots and a helmet. They also use a big red truck to carry water to the fire. They are very brave.
Source B: Website
Fire Trucks and Tools
Firefighters have many tools. They use a red truck to get to fires quickly. They wear helmets and special clothes. Sometimes they use long ladders.
Double Check
What fact is in BOTH places?
"One fact I found in both sources is..."
Verification Check
Is this fact likely to be True?
YES
NO
I know this because it follows the Rule of Two.
Final Investigation Teacher Guide Final Case Investigation
Teacher Guide • Lesson 5
Information Detectives
Time
60 Minutes
Goal
Apply all learned skills to evaluate three sources and earn a detective badge.
Level
3rd Grade ESL
The Hook: The Badge Ceremony
Tell students that today is the day they become Lead Detectives. But first, they must solve the final three cases in their file.
The Mission:
"Use your checklist to find out which stories are Safe and which are Fake."
"Once the case is closed, you will receive your Official Detective Badge."
The Credibility Checklist
Is it Fact? (Does it use real photos?)
Is there an Author? (Do we know who wrote it?)
Are there Ads? (Are they trying to sell something?)
Rule of Two? (Can we find it somewhere else?)
Instructional Steps
Review: Briefly go over the skills from lessons 1-4 using the slides.
The Final Test: Hand out the "Final Case File" worksheet. It contains three short articles. One is totally made up (Fiction/Silly), one is an Ad, and one is a real Fact.
Detective Work: Students work in pairs or independently to fill out the checklist for each article.
Verification & Badges: Review the answers as a class. Explain why each was or wasn't credible. Hand out the printable badges.
Final Investigation Slides The Final Case
Lead Detective Evaluation
Detective Tools
"Use everything you have learned to solve the cases!"
Photos?
Author?
Ads?
Rule of 2?
The Final Case File
🐘☁️
Case #1
The Flying Elephant Story
👟💰
Case #2
The "Free Shoes" Website
🍯🐻
Case #3
The Honey Bear Facts
"Only one is a REAL FACT!"
Case Closed
Hand in your file to receive your Official Detective Badge.
Final Case File Worksheet Final Case Investigation
Special Unit: Credibility & Truth
Agent Signature:
#1
The Clouds Made of Cotton
(By: Dr. Sillypants)
☁️
Did you know that clouds are actually made of giant pieces of cotton candy? If you fly a plane high enough, you can take a bite! They taste like strawberry.
Credibility Check:
Fact Fiction
#2
Sponsored
Win a Free Scooter!
(No Author Listed)
🛴
Click the big green button to win a free red scooter! Just tell us your name and address. Order today before they are all gone! $0.00 today only!
Credibility Check:
Fact Ad
#3
How Bees Make Honey
By: The Science Museum Team
🐝🍯
Bees fly from flower to flower to collect nectar. They bring it back to the hive and turn it into sweet honey. Honey is food for the bees in winter.
Credibility Check:
Fact Fiction
Final Verdict
Which article is a Safe Fact?
#1
#2
#3
"I know this is true because..."
Detective Badges Resource Lead Detective
Information Detective Agency
CERTIFIED TRUTH-FINDER
Lead Detective
Information Detective Agency
CERTIFIED TRUTH-FINDER
Lead Detective
Information Detective Agency
CERTIFIED TRUTH-FINDER
Lead Detective
Information Detective Agency
CERTIFIED TRUTH-FINDER