Students transition from studying individual fossils to analyzing the rock layers (strata) in which they are found. This sequence focuses on stratigraphy, emphasizing the Law of Superposition to determine relative ages of rock layers and fossils. Students learn to use index fossils to correlate rock columns from different locations and reconstruct past environments based on sedimentary evidence. The sequence builds toward students interpreting a geological cross-section to tell the chronological story of a landscape.

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