The Ethics of War: Understanding Just War Theory

CrashCourse

This educational video provides a comprehensive introduction to Just War Theory, using the 2003 United States invasion of Iraq as a primary case study. Hosted by Ellie Anderson for Crash Course Political Theory, the video breaks down the ethical framework originally established by philosophers like Thomas Aquinas. It distinguishes between the two main categories of the theory: *jus ad bellum* (the conditions under which a nation may justly go to war) and *jus in bello* (the ethical conduct required during war). The video systematically explores the six criteria for *jus ad bellum*—just cause, right intention, legitimate authority (nationhood), likelihood of success, proportionality, and last resort. It then examines the three criteria for *jus in bello*—legitimate targets, proportionate damage, and necessity. Throughout the explanation, the narrator applies these concepts to the Iraq War, analyzing arguments made by the Bush administration regarding weapons of mass destruction and humanitarian intervention, while contrasting them with the eventual outcomes and lack of international support. For educators, this resource is an excellent tool for High School Civics, History, and Philosophy classrooms. It moves beyond simple dates and battles to engage students in critical ethical reasoning. The video encourages learners to evaluate historical events through a moral lens, discussing complex topics like pre-emptive vs. preventive war, the impact of modern technology (drones and AI) on warfare, and the difficult reality of civilian casualties. It provides a structured vocabulary for discussing international conflict and political responsibility.