Understanding Physical and Chemical Changes in Matter

Next Generation Science

This educational science video from Lighthouse Lab introduces students to the fundamental concepts of how matter changes. Hosted by a young presenter in a virtual lab setting, the video distinguishes between physical changes—where the form alters but the substance remains the same—and chemical changes, where new substances are created. Through clear definitions and relatable examples like chopping wood, cooking food, and exploding fireworks, complex chemistry concepts are made accessible for elementary and middle school learners. The content is structured to compare and contrast these two types of changes. It explores physical changes through demonstrations of cutting paper, folding origami, and the reversible nature of changing states of matter (melting ice, evaporating water). It then shifts to chemical changes, using the lighting of a match to demonstrate irreversibility and the production of new substances like ash and smoke. The video also discusses the varied rates at which reactions occur, from instant explosions to slow processes like rusting and erosion. Teachers can use this video as a core instructional tool to introduce or reinforce a unit on matter and chemistry. The visual demonstrations provide concrete evidence for abstract definitions, helping students identify signs of chemical reactions such as color change, heat, and light. The connection to biological processes, specifically digestion, also offers a cross-curricular link between physical science and life science, making it a versatile resource for the classroom.